Rheological properties of heavy &amp; light crude oil mixtures for improving flowability

Ghannam, Mamdouh T.; Hasan, Shadi W.; Abu-Jdayil, Basim; Esmail, Nabil

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2011.12.024

Cited by 176 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Davenport and Somper (1971), for example, showed that the reduction of temperature enlarges significantly the material yield stress. The increase of yield stress, the storage modulus, G′, the loss modulus, G″, and the viscosity with the temperature reduction was also observed by several authors (Wardhaugh and Boger 1987;El-Gamal and Gad 1998;El-Gamal 1998;Remizov et al 2000;Chang et al 2000, Webber 2001Venkatesan et al 2003;Kané et al 2004;Visintin et al 2005;Chen et al 2006;Zhang 2007, 2010;Lopes-da-Silva and Coutinho 2007;Lee et al 2008;Li et al 2009;Oh et al 2009;Hasan et al 2010;Dimitriou et al 2011;Ghannam et al 2012;Rønningsen 2012). The rise of such properties was attributed to wax solubility reduction in oil as the temperature decreases (Venkatesan et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Influence of the initial cooling temperature on the gelation and yield stress of waxy crude oils

et al. 2014

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One of the major problems in waxy crude oil production and transportation is oil gelation that takes place within pipelines as a result of wax crystallization at low temperatures. In such cases, the pressure needed to restart the oil flow in subsea pipelines can be much larger than the usual steady-state pressure, as the temperature in such environment can be as low as 4°C. The literature has shown that not only the temperature itself but also the fluid shear and thermal histories have significant influence on the yield stress of waxy crude oils. This paper investigates the effect of the initial cooling temperature on the waxy crude oil viscosity, gelation temperature, and yield stress. In order to accomplish that, rheological tests were carried out under static and dynamic cooling conditions. The results show that there is a critical range for the initial cooling temperature that provides maximum values for viscosity, gelation temperature, and yield stress. In other words, the highest values of those properties are observed when the cooling started within this temperature range. The effect of a thermal pretreatment usually used to remove light ends was also investigated. In spite of not changing the initial temperature critical range, the yield stress was slightly affected by the thermal treatment. It is worth noting that the yield stress varies from approximately zero to hundreds after dynamic cooling or to thousands after static cooling within the tested range of the initial cooling temperatures.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Influence of the initial cooling temperature on the gelation and yield stress of waxy crude oils

et al. 2014

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“…The values are not significantly different showing similar thixotropic properties of the commercial creams and all variants of emollient creams formulated in this study. Previous reports have also shown the areas for hysteresis loops to be in the range of 118.62 kPa/s to 321.65 kPa/s and these are comparable with our values [28] .…”

Section: Table 1: Evaluation Of Emollient Creams (Ec1-ec3) and Commersupporting

confidence: 93%

Formulation Optimization, Rheological Characterization and Suitability Studies of Polyglucoside-based Azadirachta indica A. Juss Emollient Cream as a Dermal Base for Sun Protection Application

Banerjee¹,

Thiagarajan²,

Thiagarajan³

2017

pharmaceutical-sciences

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“…Currently, fossil fuels supply approximately 82 % of the world's energy demand (Ghannam et al 2012). The growing demand for crude oil worldwide requires the exploitation of heavy and extra-heavy crude oil deposits, which are approximately of the same order as conventional crude oil according to the International Energy Agency (Tedeschi 1991;IEA 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and mechanisms of the catalytic thermal cracking of asphaltenes adsorbed on supported nanoparticles

et al. 2016

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The production of heavy and extra-heavy oil is challenging because of the rheological properties that crude oil presents due to its high asphaltene content. The upgrading and recovery processes of these unconventional oils are typically water and energy intensive, which makes such processes costly and environmentally unfriendly. Nanoparticle catalysts could be used to enhance the upgrading and recovery of heavy oil under both in situ and ex situ conditions. In this study, the effect of the Ni-Pd nanocatalysts supported on fumed silica nanoparticles on post-adsorption catalytic thermal cracking of n-C 7 asphaltenes was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with FTIR. The performance of catalytic thermal cracking of n-C 7 asphaltenes in the presence of NiO and PdO supported on fumed silica nanoparticles was better than on the fumed silica support alone. For a fixed amount of adsorbed n-C 7 asphaltenes (0.2 mg/m 2 ), bimetallic nanoparticles showed better catalytic behavior than monometallic nanoparticles, confirming their synergistic effects. The corrected OzawaFlynn-Wall equation (OFW) was used to estimate the effective activation energies of the catalytic process. The mechanism function, kinetic parameters, and transition state thermodynamic functions for the thermal cracking process of n-C 7 asphaltenes in the presence and absence of nanoparticles are investigated.

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Rheological properties of heavy & light crude oil mixtures for improving flowability

Cited by 176 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of the initial cooling temperature on the gelation and yield stress of waxy crude oils

Influence of the initial cooling temperature on the gelation and yield stress of waxy crude oils

Formulation Optimization, Rheological Characterization and Suitability Studies of Polyglucoside-based Azadirachta indica A. Juss Emollient Cream as a Dermal Base for Sun Protection Application

Kinetics and mechanisms of the catalytic thermal cracking of asphaltenes adsorbed on supported nanoparticles

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