Rheological properties of aqueous Pluronic–alginate systems containing liposomes

Investigation of Pluronic© F127–Water solutions phase transitions by DSC and dielectric spectroscopy

“…(6) rightly show that the gelation process is not allowed for concentrations of 10% and 15% for all the temperatures investigated. Otherwise, for higher concentrations, namely 20% and 22%, the gelation takes place, respectively, at 22 C and 18 C, accordingly with rheological measurements, as reported by Grassi et al 14 It is worth noting that rheological measurements in temperature sweep are performed under nonequilibrium conditions (involving a heating rate), thus not allowing discernment thermodynamic from kinetic aspects. However the gelation temperatures obtained by dielectric spectroscopy nicely match with rheological measurements, as reported by Lau et al 9 and Grassi et al 14 …”

The effect of added liposomes on the rheological properties of a hydrogel: A systematic study

“…Indeed, it has been reported that liposome addition in pluronic-alginate gel systems at low lipid concentrations [70 ug/ml] has a slight effect on the structural buildup, but no effect on the final system properties [13] and also that liposomes (PC/chol and PC/chol/DSPE-PEG) do not affect the rheological behavior or thermosensitive character of poloxamer 407 gels when loaded at 2 and 12 mM concentrations [22]. However is some studies in which charged liposomes were tested, some effects were demonstrated, as in the case of positively charged liposomes loaded (at 10 mM) in carbopol 974 P NF gel, which increased the gel viscosity.…”

“…The viscoelastic behavior of gels, detected by classical rheology (category 3), depends on various factors like the composition and concentration of the dispersed materials and the lag time between preparation and measurement [10][11][12]. Like polymer blends [13] the rheological properties of gels are expected to change drastically with the addition of liposomes into them. However, although some studies have been performed for specific formulations, no systematic study has been carried out to examine if and how rheological properties of gels are affected by addition of liposomes, and which liposome characteristics determine the magnitude of such modifications.…”

Rheological study of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose and phospholipid vesicles

“…The reason of using vesicles in these applications is their physical, chemical and biological stability towards mild environmental effects. Stability of vesicles can be enhanced by binding polymer to their surfaces [7][8][9], or dispersing them in a gel, whereby better protection from environmental disruptive effects can be realized [10][11][12]. To achieve this goal, one promising approach is to use hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymer (HMP).…”