Rheological properties and swelling behavior of nanocomposite preformed particle gels based on starch-graft-polyacrylamide loaded with nanosilica

Baloochestanzadeh, Shima; Hassanajili, Shadi; Escrochi, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s00397-021-01287-z

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Thus, based on the dynamic core flooding experiments, our nanoparticles are suitable for subsurface energy recovery. In comparison with the reported polymer-based nanoparticles, our nanoparticles showed unique integrated features of low-temperature swelling-delayed property in nano-size, high-temperature stability, and excellent plugging efficiency. − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Highly Robust Nanogels from Thermal-Responsive Nanoparticles with Controlled Swelling for Engineering Deployments

Liu

Dong²,

Long

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Regular nanogels have been demonstrated their inefficiency for subterranean oil recovery due to their intrinsic drawbacks of fast swelling within minutes, thermal instability, and salinity vulnerability. Prior deployment of swelling delayed nanogels mainly depended on the reservoirs at a relatively higher temperature. To address the issues encountered during engineering deployment, hereinwe devised an integrative approach to in situ form swelling delayed robust nanogels by introducing radically active monomers with thermally sensitive moieties. The nanoparticles with hydrophobic cores in brine in response to thermal input in situ generated well-dispersed hydrophilic nanogels, which showed a pronounced delayed swelling of a week compared to traditional nanogels showing swelling kinetics within minutes. Furthermore, the formation of swelling-delayed nanogels could occur at ambient temperature. This behavior was radically different from that of temperaturecontrolled labile cross-linkers containing nanogels, requiring temperatures greater than 50 °C for volume increase thanks to ester hydrolysis. In addition, the in-situ formed nanogels displayed long-term thermal stability and salinity tolerance under hostile media at temperatures up to 130 °C. The release of an acidic proton under aqueous conditions has been demonstrated to control the microenvironment for various scenarios. The nanotechnology of converting hydrophobic nanoparticles to hydrophilic nanogels could be applied in a wide range of practical applications such as plugging materials and foaming stabilizers for in-depth conformance control during water and CO 2 flooding.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Highly Robust Nanogels from Thermal-Responsive Nanoparticles with Controlled Swelling for Engineering Deployments

Liu

Dong²,

Long

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Figure depicts the swelling ratio/absorbance capacity of the developed particle gel by adjusting the composition of the nanomaterial and observing that when the nanomaterial composition rises, the swelling ratio decreases. This is due to the formation of high physical cross-linking that creates microscopic pores inside the NR-PPGs, limiting water absorption into the polymer matrix. , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterial-Reinforced Particle Gel: Development, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation for Water Shutoff Jobs in Heterogeneous Reservoirs

Pandit,

Mahto,

Gopalkrishnan Nair

2024

Energy Fuels

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This current research article aims to fabricate a novel reinforced preformed particle gel to increase oil production and reduce excessive water production. To achieve this objective, the following synthesis procedure was adopted. At the start, the preformed particle gel (PPG) samples were developed with N,Ndimethylacrylamide, acrylic acid, and AMPS as a monomer, and N,Nmethylenebisacrylamide was used as a cross-linker. The TiO 2 nanomaterial was used as a reinforcing agent to enhance the strength characteristics of PPGs by the free radical polymerization mechanism. To characterize the developed samples, i.e., without reinforced preformed particle gel (WR-PPG) and 0.30 wt % titanium dioxide nanomaterial-reinforced preformed particle gel (NR-PPG), the FT-IR spectra, PXRD, FESEM, EDX, and TGA DTG DSC analytical techniques were used. The developed NR-PPG can absorb distilled water and brine (30 000 ppm) up to 95 and 21 times its dry weight, respectively. Furthermore, a complete evaluation of the swelling behavior was performed using several variable parameters such as salinity, pH, temperature, nanomaterial concentration, and monovalent and multivalent ions. The rheology test confirms the formation of the 3d structure and the toughness modulus (G′) of NR-PPG, i.e., 1168 and 2085 Pa, and WR-PPG, i.e., 980 and 1334 Pa, for distilled water and 30 000 ppm brine solution, respectively. Additionally, the long-term temperature stability test of NR-PPG revealed outstanding thermal stability for 130 days at 120 °C in a brine solution containing 30 000 ppm NaCl. Finally, the core flooding test was used to evaluate the performance of NR-PPG and WR-PPG for the application of water shutoff jobs, and the plugging efficiency of 94−97 and 89−95% in terms of permeability reduction was observed for NR-PPG and WR-PPG, respectively. As a result, the newly synthesized novel NR-PPG may improve water shutoff and oil recovery in mature oil fields.

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“…The enhanced gel strength upon adding 10 g/L of NaCl to the swelling solution is attributed to the establishment of ionic bonds between cations, particularly sodium ions, and the negatively charged sulfonate groups on the polymer chains. 42 This results in a denser, more organized network and a higher storage modulus. Conversely, electrostatic repulsions among charged groups in a deionized solution lead to a looser network, resulting in lower deformation resistance and a storage modulus weaker than brine.…”

Section: Effect Of Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Inorganically Cross-Linked Sulfonated Polyacrylamide Preformed Particle Gels for Conformance Control: Impact of Anionic Groups

Elaf,

Hamza,

Nimir

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Modern oil and gas extraction faces challenges, notably from the surplus of produced water, hampering hydrocarbon recovery and raising environmental and economic concerns. A promising solution is the injection of preformed particle gels (PPGs) into the reservoir's fractures and high permeability zones, facilitating production processes. This study introduces a novel class of inorganically cross-linked PPGs with exceptionally high swelling capacities, comprising sulfonated polyacrylamide crosslinked with aluminum attached to acetate, nitrate, sulfate, and lactate anions individually. These PPGs function as superabsorbents, capable of absorbing water at a ratio of 100−700 times their dry weight while maintaining adequate gel strength up to 2709 Pa. The study examines the influence of anionic groups attached to the aluminum on the swelling ratio, kinetics, and strength of the developed PPGs. It also reveals the impact of reservoir conditions, including temperature, salinity, and pH. The research explores the chemical compositions and cross-linking mechanisms by employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiments further examine thermal stability. Results highlight the significant influence of anionic groups on PPG performance, with aluminum lactate providing the most robust and stable network structure, followed by aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, and aluminum acetate, which offer the highest swelling PPG but are most sensitive under saline and diverse conditions. Notably, aluminum-based PPGs exhibit slow swelling kinetics, taking over 5 h. Furthermore, results showed that high cross-linker concentrations and increased salinity are associated with decreased PPG swelling ratios but enhanced mechanical strength. It is worth noting that PPG swelling and strength thrive within the pH range of 5−9 and below temperatures exceeding 75 °C, as conditions beyond these thresholds compromise their intricate three-dimensional (3D) network structures.

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Rheological properties and swelling behavior of nanocomposite preformed particle gels based on starch-graft-polyacrylamide loaded with nanosilica

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Highly Robust Nanogels from Thermal-Responsive Nanoparticles with Controlled Swelling for Engineering Deployments

Highly Robust Nanogels from Thermal-Responsive Nanoparticles with Controlled Swelling for Engineering Deployments

Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterial-Reinforced Particle Gel: Development, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation for Water Shutoff Jobs in Heterogeneous Reservoirs

Development of Inorganically Cross-Linked Sulfonated Polyacrylamide Preformed Particle Gels for Conformance Control: Impact of Anionic Groups

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