Rheological Equations for Synovial Fluids

Lai, W. Michael; Kuei, S. C.; Mow, Van C.

doi:10.1115/1.3426208

Cited by 64 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…From King (1966), by permission. ofthe constitutive equations of the synovial fluid is reviewed by Lai, Kuei, and Mow (1978). 6.2 Consider a sphere moving in an incompressible (Newtonian) viscous fluid at such a small velocity that the Reynolds number based on the radius of the sphere and velocity of the center is much smaller than 1.…”

Section: Flow Properties Of Synovial Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanics

Fung¹

1993

1,953

136

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Section: Flow Properties Of Synovial Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Walker et al (1968) and Maroudas (1967) hypothesize that as the articulating surfaces approach each other, water passes into the cartilage, leaving a concentrated pool of proteins to support the load and lubricate the surface. A theoretical analysis of this was done by Lai and Mow (1978). Articular Cartilage Effects.…”

Section: Bone and Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics

Fung¹

1993

1,953

136

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“…However, none of these works has examined both steady-shear and dynamic properties of the same sample of synovial fluid. Consequently, none of the constitutive equations which have been reviewed by Lai et al [27,28] as applicable to the flow behaviour of synovial fluid could be fully tested for their ability to describe both the steady-shear and dynamic flow of the fluid, not to mention non-linear behaviour such as stress growth and relaxation. Therefore, in the present work, a pooled sample of cattle synovial fluid is completely characterized in terms of both steady shear and dynamic shear properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The dynamic and steady shear properties of synovial fluid and of the components making up synovial fluid

1984

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Steady-shear and dynamic properties of a pooled sample of cattle synovial fluid have been measured using techniques developed for low viscosity fluids. The rheological properties of synovial fluid were found to exhibit typical viscoelastic behaviour and can be described by the Carreau type A rheological model. Typical model parameters for the fluid are given; these may be useful for the analysis of the complex flow problems of joint lubrication.The two major constituents, hyaluronic acid and proteins, have been successfully separated from the pooled sample of synovial fluid. The rheological properties of the hyaluronic acid and the recombined hyaluronic acid-protein solutions of both equal and half the concentration of the constituents found in the original synovial fluid have been measured. These properties, when compared to those of the original synovial fluid, show an undeniable contribution of proteins to the flow behaviour of synovial fluid in joints. The effect of protein was found to be more prominent in hyaluronic acid of half the normal concentration found in synovial fluid, thus providing a possible explanation for the differences in flow behaviour observed between synovial fluid from certain diseased joints compared to normal joint fluid.

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“…Also, for these models wherein the shear index depends upon the concentration, the zero shear-rate is constant, i.e., µ 0 = µ 0 . Hron et al [6] show that the structure of these models allows for a better fit to relative viscosity ( µ µ 0 ) / shearrate data, for a variety of concentrations than the models discussed in [16] and [17]. Table 1 summarizes the constants used in each of the models.…”

Section: Constitutive Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On modeling the response of the synovial fluid: Unsteady flow of a shear-thinning, chemically-reacting fluid mixture

Bridges¹,

Karra²,

Rajagopal³

2010

Computers & Mathematics with Applications

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We study the flow of a shear-thinning, chemically-reacting fluid that could be used to model the flow of the synovial fluid. The actual geometry where the flow of the synovial fluid takes place is very complicated, and therefore the governing equations are not amenable to simple mathematical analysis. In order to understand the response of the model, we choose to study the flow in a simple geometry. While the flow domain is not a geometry relevant to the flow of the synovial fluid in the human body it yet provides a flow which can be used to assess the efficacy of different models that have been proposed to describe synovial fluids. We study the flow in the annular region between two cylinders, one of which is undergoing unsteady oscillations about their common axis, in order to understand the quintessential behavioral characteristics of the synovial fluid. We use the three models suggested by Hron et al. [ J. Hron, J. Málek, P. Pustějovská, K. R. Rajagopal, On concentration dependent shear-thinning behavior in modeling of synovial fluid flow, Adv. in Tribol.(In Press).] to study the problem, by appealing to a semi-inverse method. The assumed structure for the velocity field automatically satisfies the constraint of incompressibility, and the balance of linear momentum is solved together with a convection-diffusion equation. The results are compared to those associated with the Newtonian model. We also study the case in which an external pressure gradient is applied along the axis of the cylindrical annulus. The human body temperature continually fluctuates, and both the magnitude and manner in which these fluctuations take place can depend on a number of variables, both internal and external.

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Rheological Equations for Synovial Fluids

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Biomechanics

Biomechanics

The dynamic and steady shear properties of synovial fluid and of the components making up synovial fluid

On modeling the response of the synovial fluid: Unsteady flow of a shear-thinning, chemically-reacting fluid mixture

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