Rheological characteristics of trimethylolethane hydrate slurry treated with drag-reducing surfactants

Drag reduction characteristics of trimethylolethane hydrate slurries treated with surfactants

“…According to Yamazaki et al, hydrate fraction depends on TME concentration and temperature, because fusion temperature changes with TME concentration. Suzuki et al (2006) also pointed out that the phase change temperature is not affected by the existence of surfactants and that the hydrate fraction determined from the phase change temperature takes a higher value. In this study, hydrate fraction was determined from the results of liquid phase concentration of TME as reported by Suzuki et al (2006) as shown in Fig.…”

“…From the figures, it is found that the TME viscosity with surfactants shows shear-thinning tendency, basically, but it also shows that shear-thickening corresponding to SIS formation occurs for each concentration of surfactants at a certain shear rate. Suzuki et al (2006) indicated that this shear rate showing shear thickening depends on the TME concentration and such a critical concentration of TME corresponds to the limitation of drag reduction occurrence. i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f r e f r i g e r a t i o n 3 2 ( 2 0 0 9 ) 9 3 1 -9 3 7 Fig.…”

“…Ohlendorf et al (1986), Hoffmann et al (1991) and so on studied this SIS and many researchers believed that the existence of SIS in solution is related to the drag reduction occurrence. Suzuki et al (2006) reported that the drag reduction effect becomes weak in high concentration of TME in liquid phase. This is caused by the disturbance of SIS formation by TME molecules.…”

“…This causes significant energy loss in transportation and cancels effect of flow rate reduction. To solve this problem, Indartono et al (2006) and Suzuki et al (2006) reported that drag reduction technology with cationic surfactants can be applied to TME hydrate slurry. A small amount of a kind of surfactant is well known to cause very effective drag reduction (reviewed by Gyr andBewersdorff, 1995 and.…”

Crystal Growth and Viscosity Behaviors of Ammonium Alum Hydrate Solution with PVA in Shear Flow

“…In addition, the particles agglomerate and disperse in the slurry, imparting non-Newtonian characteristics to the slurry. [5][6][7][8][9] To increase slurry fluidity, the addition of surfactants that form drag-reducing rod-like micelles [10][11][12][13][14][15] , polymers 3,16) , and some types of brines 1,9,17,18) have been tested to prevent particle agglomeration. These additives also enhance the non-Newtonian behavior of the slurries.…”