Rheological and thermal properties of polyamide 6 and polyamide 6/glass fiber composite with repeated extrusion

Lee, Kyung Hwan; Lim, Seung Joon; Kim, Woo Nyon

doi:10.1007/s13233-014-2086-x

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The two most substantial decreases in crystallization half‐time occurred in the material collected after the first and second extruders. The first decrease, which occurred after the first extruder, was possibly due to the decrease occurring in the molecular weight . Polymer materials with lower molecular weight have a greater possible chain mobility and allow for crystallization to occur more rapidly .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first decrease, which occurred after the first extruder, was possibly due to the The numbers in the parenthesis are the standard deviations (n 5 3). decrease occurring in the molecular weight [15]. Polymer materials with lower molecular weight have a greater possible chain mobility and allow for crystallization to occur more rapidly [14].…”

Section: Crystallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pellets are melted and thoroughly mixed as they are moved along this extruder. Within the extruder, high temperatures and elevated mechanical shear stress can cause further degradation of the polyamides by decreasing the molecular weight of the polymer chains .…”

Section: D‐lft Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their attractive properties, polyamides' potential performance can be limited by their susceptibility to degradation during processing [3,[6][7][8][9][10]. It was reported that properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) and/or glass fiber reinforced PA6 composites decreased after multiple injection molding process cycles [11][12][13][14] and multiple extrusion process cycles [15]. The results of these studies are significant to this current research because two extruders are used in the D-LFT process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal properties of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites throughout the direct long‐fiber reinforced thermoplastic process

Whitfield

Kuboki

Wood

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The direct long-fiber reinforced thermoplastic (D-LFT) process offers a streamlined material processing technique and decreases the degradation of the material. To ensure product consistency and process optimization, it is imperative to understand how the process sequence affects degradation and thermal properties of the material during the D-LFT process. This study investigates variation in molecular weight and thermal properties of the glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites throughout the D-LFT process. Viscosity number (VN) measurements, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were performed on samples taken from different locations along the D-LFT process. It was found that VN, which is a measure of molecular weight of the PA6 base resin, decreased throughout the processes. In contrast, TGA results suggested that apparent activation energy for decomposition increased during consecutive process stages. Nonisothermal DSC results showed that there were no significant changes to the degree of crystallization; however, isothermal DSC results indicated that later stages of the process showed a decrease in crystallization half-time, and the largest changes were observed in areas after the two extrusion portions of the process. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:46-54,

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crystallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: D‐lft Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermal properties of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites throughout the direct long‐fiber reinforced thermoplastic process

Whitfield

Kuboki

Wood

et al. 2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Figure shows variation of the storage modulus ( G ′) and loss modulus (G ′′) of various nanocomposites with angular frequency (ω). It is known that the storage modulus and loss modulus, characterizing the elastic property and viscous property of polymer material, respectively, are related to the energy storage and energy loss in deformation process of each cycle . From Figure , it is seen that with decrease in ω, G ′ and G ′′ of all composites present decreasing tendency and G ′′ is higher than G ′.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Preparation, dynamic rheological behavior, crystallization, and mechanical properties of inorganic whiskers reinforced polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites

Liu

Chen

Ding

2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The novel inorganic SiO 2 -MgO-CaO whiskers (SMCWs) were incorporated into nano hydroxyapatite (HA) contained polylactic acid (PLA) system to prepare the reinforced PLA/HA/SMCWs nanocomposite. Maleic anhydride grafted PLA (PLA-g-MAH) was then used to modify the interface between filler and matrix. The morphology, rheological behavior, crystallization, and mechanical property of the prepared nanocomposites were systematically investigated using scanning electronic microscope, dynamic rheometer, differential scanning calorimeter, polarized light microscope, and mechanical test, respectively. The results showed that the introduced PLA-g-MAH obviously improves the filler dispersion and the filler-matrix interfacial compatibility. Interestingly, the incorporated whiskers obviously decrease the complex viscosity and hence could significantly improve the processability of system. However, the introduction of PLA-g-MAH increases the complex viscosity to a greater extent. In addition, the added whiskers were found to have complicated influences on the PLA crystallization. On one hand, the incorporated whiskers can enhance the melt crystallization capability of PLA macromolecular chains; on the other hand, the introduced whiskers also show the inhibitive effect on the nucleation of PLA polymer chains and the inhibition degree is related to the loading of whiskers. The combination of whiskers and PLA-g-MAH could remarkably improve the mechanical performance of PLA/HA nanocomposite. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43381.

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Influence of composite preform fabrication on the integrity of poly‐aryl‐ether‐ketone matrices

Almeida

Feuillerat

Nouri

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly‐Aryl‐Ether‐Ketones (PAEK) matrices of different composite preforms were evaluated to assess the influence of the preform manufacturing on the matrix integrity. Yarns, films, and impregnation suspensions were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and rheometry. As described in literature, changes in the matrix properties at molten state are observed for all materials. The degradation process is related to a crosslinking process that results in an increase of viscosity and a decrease of crystallization temperature. Differences in degradation behavior were observed depending on the type of preform. Film and yarn extrusion has a limited effect on PAEK behavior, apart from a slight shift in molecular weight, without significant effect on degradation kinetics. However, the organic products that are used for the preparation of semifinished composite products, that is, yarn sizing or suspension additives, have a detrimental effect on stability. The degradation of additives considerably increases the degradation kinetics of the PAEK matrices, and by modifying the thermo‐oxidation mechanisms, the advantages of using complex preforms for consolidation can be annihilated.

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Rheological and thermal properties of polyamide 6 and polyamide 6/glass fiber composite with repeated extrusion

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Thermal properties of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites throughout the direct long‐fiber reinforced thermoplastic process

Thermal properties of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites throughout the direct long‐fiber reinforced thermoplastic process

Preparation, dynamic rheological behavior, crystallization, and mechanical properties of inorganic whiskers reinforced polylactic acid/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites

Influence of composite preform fabrication on the integrity of poly‐aryl‐ether‐ketone matrices

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