Rheological and physico-mechanical investigations on the destabilization of unfired clay bricks with almond husk additive by salt

Noureddine, Othmane; Manssouri, Imad; Sahbi, Hassane; Limami, Houssame; Khaldoun, Asmae

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130971

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Traditional sintered bricks have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and substandard carbon emissions. To transform sintered bricks for energy saving and consumption reduction, some scholars have conducted relevant research on the green transformation of traditional sintered wall materials, focusing on the development of clay-free, energy-saving, carbon-reducing, eco-friendly, sinter-free new wall materials [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Several studies have demonstrated that industrial by-products can be used to produce unfired bricks, which have remarkable strength and durability due to the formation of cementing compounds such as hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) and hydrated calcium silicate aluminate (C-S-A-H) gels [ 18 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Strength Formation of Unfired Bricks Composed of Aeolian Sand–Loess Composite

Liu,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Materials

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Aeolian sand and loess are both natural materials with poor engineering-related properties, and no research has been devoted to exploring aeolian sand–loess composite materials. In this study, we used aeolian sand and loess as the main raw materials to prepare unfired bricks by using the pressing method, along with cement, fly ash, and polypropylene fiber. The effects of different preparation conditions on the physical properties of the unfired bricks were investigated based on compressive strength, water absorption, and softening tests and a freeze–thaw cycle test combined with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope analysis to determine the optimal mixing ratio for unfired bricks, and finally, the effects of fibers on the durability of the unfired bricks were investigated. The results reveal that the optimal mixing ratio of the masses of aeolian sand–loess –cement –fly ash–polypropylene fiber–alkali activator–water was 56.10:28.05:9.17:2.40:0.4:0.003:4.24 under a forming pressure of 20 MPa. The composite unfired bricks prepared had a compressive strength of 14.5 MPa at 14 d, with a rate of water absorption of 8.8%, coefficient of softening of 0.92, and rates of the losses of frozen strength and mass of 15.93% and 1.06%, respectively, where these satisfied the requirements of environmentally protective bricks with strength grades of MU10–MU15. During the curing process, silicate and sodium silicate gels tightly connected the particles of aeolian sand and the loess skeleton, and the spatial network formed by the addition of the fibers inhibited the deformation of soil and improved the strength of the unfired bricks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Strength Formation of Unfired Bricks Composed of Aeolian Sand–Loess Composite

Liu,

Guo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…For instance, fillers with a strong tendency to agglomerate might have water of hydration on their surfaces at higher densities [33]. Additionally, particle agglomeration could lead to the entrapment of air pockets between the particles [34]. The composite's modulus of elasticity displayed an intriguing pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Calcium Carbonate as Filler on the Physicomechanical Properties of Polypropylene Random

Chakir,

Alami,

Assouag

et al. 2024

JERA

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To minimize the cost of production and enhancement pipe quality, this research aims to gain insights into the physical and mechanical characteristics of high-performance polypropylene random filled with rigid inorganic calcium carbonate particles at various content levels, with a specific focus on how the toughness of PPR changes. Virgin Polypropylene Random PPR, a new material extracted from a homopolymer polypropylene, is used as a matrix with 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt. % of CaCO3. The density, melt flow rate, tensile strength, tensile strain, modulus of elasticity, and hardness are used to evaluate the quality of the material. The results showed that the density, the modulus of elasticity, and the hardness increased with increasing the percentage of CaCO3. As the percentage of CaCO3 increased, the melt flow rate decreased. The tensile strength and strain increased to 28.7 MPa and 533.25%, respectively at 20 wt.% of CaCO3, with 14.8% and 6.65% reaching gains compared to the virgin PPR (25 MPa and 500%). The enhancement of the mechanical properties is thanks to the presence of stiffer and rigid particles of CaCO3 that act as a reinforcing agent. Moreover, when CaCO3 is well dispersed, it forms a strong bond with the polypropylene matrix, and facilitates the transfer of stress from the matrix to the fillers, resulting in increased stiffness. The optimum percentage of CaCO3 to add into the inner layer of extruded PPR pipes is at a composition of the filler of 20 wt. %.

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“…To meet the demands for sustainable and energy-efficient bricks, this critical evaluation primarily focuses on the availability of various types of waste materials and their application in manufacturing sustainable bricks [22][23][24]. Development of the building envelope is a primary concern nowadays due to green initiatives concerning energy saving and to make economically friendly houses [25,26]. Primarily it focuses on the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the whole building envelope [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Use of Sustainable Industrial Waste Byproducts in Fired and Unfired Brick Production

Nandipati,

G. V. R.,

et al. 2023

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Use of bricks and their manufacturing process plays an important role in the construction sector. Despite its various methods of manufacturing, still large quantities of bricks are used in the building construction. Manufacturing of bricks consumes large quantities of natural resources, and it is energy intensive. Similarly, due to rapid industrialization large quantities of waste industrial byproducts are generated and causes handling and disposal challenges of these wastes. This review work attempts the possibilities and potential use of various types of waste industrial byproducts in fired and unfired bricks. This study also highlights the importance of waste and its usage guidelines in bricks manufacturing to enhance the strength and durability properties. To overcome the challenges associated with bricks manufacturing, firing is still considered as the most preferred method of making bricks. Use of industrial waste byproducts to the mix matrix of fire and unfired bricks will overcome the disposal challenges and reduce the depletion of natural resources. Since sustainability is a key factor that is considered when it comes to making bricks, innovative methods are needed to produce them using sustainable materials. The production and application of bricks and their usage guidelines are reviewed further in various aspects such as environment, social, economic, and technology to meet global standards and policies of the local government for sustainable development.

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Rheological and physico-mechanical investigations on the destabilization of unfired clay bricks with almond husk additive by salt

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Mechanism of Strength Formation of Unfired Bricks Composed of Aeolian Sand–Loess Composite

Mechanism of Strength Formation of Unfired Bricks Composed of Aeolian Sand–Loess Composite

Effect of Calcium Carbonate as Filler on the Physicomechanical Properties of Polypropylene Random

Potential Use of Sustainable Industrial Waste Byproducts in Fired and Unfired Brick Production

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