Rheological analysis of vapor‐grown carbon nanofiber‐reinforced polyethylene composites

Lozano, Karen; Yang, Shuying; Zeng, Qiang

doi:10.1002/app.20443

Cited by 77 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The increase in loss and storage modulus has been attributed to the increased interaction between HDPE and the nanoparticles as a result of decreased interfacial tension and coalescence upon addition of the PEg-MA. The PE-g-MA effectively localizes at the interface of the nanocomposites with the arms of the PE-g-MA diffused into the corresponding HDPE phase [15,51].…”

Section: Rheological Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced dispersion of carbon nanotubes in high density polyethylene matrix using secondary nanofiller and compatibilizer

et al. 2015

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In this study, we have attempted to explain the influence of secondary filler on the dispersion of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites (CNT/HDPE). In order to understand the mixed-fillers system, Montmorillonite (MMT) in addition with Maleic anhydride grafted high density polyethylene (PE-g-MA) was added to CNT/HDPE nanocomposites. It was followed by investigating their effect on the thermo-mechanical, rheological and morphological properties of the aforesaid nanocomposite. Incorporation of 3 wt% each of MMT and PE-g-MA into CNT/ HDPE nanocomposites resulted to the increased values for the tensile and flexural strength (32 % increase in both), as compared to the pure HDPE matrix. The thermal analysis result showed improved thermal stability of the formulated nanocomposites. The initial decomposition temperature (T i ) for such nanocomposite with 9 wt% of MMT and 3 wt% of PEg-MA reached to 296 o C from 265 o C (T i for neat HDPE matrix). Addition of MMT to CNT/HDPE nanocomposites also increased the rheological properties indicating a dominating elastic response. A significant increase in loss, storage modulus and complex viscosity was observed upon addition of PE-g-MA, whereas Tan δ was found to be reduced. This might be due to better interfacial adhesion between MMT and HDPE phases that attributes to the elastic dominance. Improvement in dispersion of CNT upon addition of MMT and PE-g-MA was further supported by the morphological analysis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that larger aggregates of CNTs were disappeared upon addition of these two components leading to the enhancement of thermo-mechanical properties for such composites.

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Section: Rheological Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the choice of polymer matrix, polyethylene is widely used due to its attractive properties. It is one of the most common volume thermoplastic with applications in packaging, consumer goods, pipes, cable insulation, etc [10,[13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced dispersion of carbon nanotubes in high density polyethylene matrix using secondary nanofiller and compatibilizer

et al. 2015

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“…CNFs are highly graphitic fibers produced by a catalytic vapor deposition process and have been widely used as reinforcements for polymers like polyethylene [1], polypropylene [2,3], polycarbonate [4], nylon [5], and poly(methyl methacrylate) [6] in numerous high-technology applications. CNTs have high mechanical and electrical properties and ultra high TC [7,8] and CNT-based composites are being studied extensively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal conductivity of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/nanofiller blends

Ghose

Watson

Connell

et al. 2008

Composites Science and Technology

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To reduce weight and increase the mobility, comfort, and performance of future spacesuits, flexible, thermally conductive fabrics and plastic tubes are needed for the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment. Such improvements would allow astronauts to operate more efficiently and safely for extended extravehicular activities. As an approach to raise the thermal conductivity (TC) of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (Elvax™ 260), it was compounded with three types of carbon based nanofillers: multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), vapor grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and expanded graphite (EG). In addition, other nanofillers including metallized CNFs, nickel nanostrands, boron nitride, and powdered aluminum were also compounded with Elvax™ 260 in the melt at various loading levels. In an attempt to improve compatibility between Elvax™ 260 and the nanofillers, MWCNTs and EG were modified by surface coating and through noncovalent and covalent attachment of organic molecules containing alkyl groups. Ribbons of the nanocomposites were extruded to form samples in https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20070032917 2018-05-10T16:24:41+00:00Z which the nanofillers were aligned in the direction of flow. Samples were also fabricated by compression molding to yield nanocomposites in which the nanofillers were randomly oriented.Mechanical properties of the aligned samples were determined by tensile testing while the degree of dispersion and alignment of nanoparticles were investigated using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. TC measurements were performed using a laser flash (Nanoflash™) technique. TC of the samples was measured in the direction of, and perpendicular to, the alignment direction. Additionally, tubing was also extruded from select nanocomposite compositions and the TC and mechanical flexibility measured.

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“…The increase in modulus indicates threshold phenomenon especially for the storage modulus, which is termed as the rheological percolation threshold of modulus. 23 The rheological percolation threshold for TPU/CNF nanocomposites is about 10 wt % of CNF loading.…”

Section: Rheological Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of carbon nanofiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites

Barick

Tripathy

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effect of CNFs on hard and soft segments of TPU matrix was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscope. The dispersion and distribution of the CNFs in the TPU matrix were investigated through wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), polarizing optical microscope (POM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the inclusion of CNF improved the thermal stability of virgin TPU. The glass transition temperature (T g ), crystallization, and melting behaviors of the TPU matrix in the presence of dispersed CNF were observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dynamic viscoelastic behavior of the nanocomposites was studied by dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and substantial improvement in storage modulus (E') was achieved with the addition of CNF to TPU matrix. The rheological behavior of TPU nanocomposites were tested by rubber processing analyzer (RPA) in dynamic frequency sweep and the storage modulus (G') of the nanocomposites was enhanced with increase in CNF loading. The dielectric properties of the nanocomposites exhibited significant improvement with incorporation of CNF. The TPU matrix exhibits remarkable improvement of mechanical properties with addition of CNF. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 124: [765][766][767][768][769][770][771][772][773][774][775][776][777][778][779][780] 2012

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Rheological analysis of vapor‐grown carbon nanofiber‐reinforced polyethylene composites

Cited by 77 publications

References 25 publications

Enhanced dispersion of carbon nanotubes in high density polyethylene matrix using secondary nanofiller and compatibilizer

Enhanced dispersion of carbon nanotubes in high density polyethylene matrix using secondary nanofiller and compatibilizer

Thermal conductivity of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer/nanofiller blends

Preparation and characterization of carbon nanofiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites

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