Rhabdovirosis (viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus).

Stepien, Carol A.; Leaman, Douglas W.; Niner, Megan D.

doi:10.1079/9781789243277.0058

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The pool of variants may serve as a genetic reservoir, facilitating adaptation to new hosts and environments (Andino & Domingo, 2015; Lauring & Andino, 2010; Quer et al., 1996). Quasispecies diversification patterns have been described for Avian Leukosis Virus (Meng et al., 2016), Deformed Wing Virus (Mordecai, Wilfert, Martin, Jones, & Schroeder, 2015), and Piscine novirhabdovirus (=Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus [VHSV]) across its world range (Pierce & Stepien, 2012; Stepien, Leaman, & Niner, 2020; Stepien, Pierce, Leaman, Niner, & Shepherd, 2015). The present study analyzes the latter's endemic IVb subgenogroup across its <20‐year history in the Laurentian Great Lakes, employing a combined phylogenetic and population genetics approach to aid understanding of virus–host evolutionary dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetic approaches have elucidated the overall evolutionary patterns of emerging and resurging viruses, such as Zika (Faye et al., 2014), West Nile (May, Li, Davis, Galbraith, & Barrett, 2010), Measles (Kimura et al., 2015), and the VHSV fish virus (Pierce & Stepien, 2012; Stepien et al., 2015, 2020). Such broadscale examinations generally have lacked the fine‐scale resolution to address recent temporal and spatial trends, which can be assessed with a population genetics approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genogroup I infects the most fish host species across a variety of estuarine and freshwaters (Kurath, 2012; Pierce & Stepien, 2012), including many aquacultured species (Abbadi et al., 2016; Ghorani et al., 2016). VHSV genogroup II diverged in Baltic Sea estuarine waters and is the sister group of genogroups I and III, with genogroup III mostly occurring in marine and estuarine waters of the North Sea (Pierce & Stepien, 2012; Stepien et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genogroup IV comprises the sister group to the VHSV I–III (European) clade, with IV containing three allopatric subgenogroups (a–c) in North America (Pierce & Stepien, 2012; Stepien et al., 2020). In the 1980s, subgenogroup IVa emerged in coastal Northeastern Pacific waters, infecting salmonids and many marine fishes (Brunson, 1989; Hopper, 1989; Meyers et al., 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2000, subgenogroup IVc was discovered in marine/estuarine North Atlantic waters (Gagné et al., 2007). IVc is the sister group of IVb, which together comprise a clade that is the sister group of IVa (Pierce & Stepien, 2012; Stepien et al., 2015, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary trajectory of fishPiscine novirhabdovirus(=Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) across its Laurentian Great Lakes history: Spatial and temporal diversification

Stepien

Niner

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Piscine novirhabdovirus = Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) first appeared in the Laurentian Great Lakes with large outbreaks from 2005 to 2006, as a new and novel RNA rhabdovirus subgenogroup (IVb) that killed >30 fish species. Interlude periods punctuated smaller more localized outbreaks in 2007, 2010, and 2017, although some fishes tested positive in the intervals. There have not been reports of outbreaks or positives from 2018, 2019, or 2020. Here, we employ a combined population genetics and phylogenetic approach to evaluate spatial and temporal evolutionary trajectory on its G‐gene sequence variation, in comparison with whole‐genome sequences (11,083 bp) from a subset of 44 individual isolates (including 40 newly sequenced ones). Our results show that IVb (N = 184 individual fish isolates) diversified into 36 G‐gene haplotypes from 2003 to 2017, stemming from two originals (“a” and “b”). G‐gene haplotypes “a” and “b” differed by just one synonymous single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) substitution, remained the most abundant until 2011, then disappeared. Group “a” descendants (14 haplotypes) remained most prevalent in the Upper and Central Great Lakes, with eight (51%) having nonsynonymous substitutions. Group “b” descendants primarily have occurred in the Lower Great Lakes, including 22 haplotypes, of which 15 (68%) contained nonsynonymous changes. Evolutionary patterns of the whole‐genome sequences (which had 34 haplotypes among 44 isolates) appear congruent with those from the G‐gene. Virus populations significantly diverged among the Upper, Central, and Lower Great Lakes, diversifying over time. Spatial divergence was apparent in the overall patterns of nucleotide substitutions, while amino acid changes increased temporally. VHSV‐IVb thus significantly differentiated across its less than two decades in the Great Lakes, accompanied by declining outbreaks and virulence. Continuing diversification likely allowed the virus to persist at low levels in resident fish populations, and may facilitate its potential for further and future spread to new habitats and nonacclimated hosts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evolutionary trajectory of fishPiscine novirhabdovirus(=Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) across its Laurentian Great Lakes history: Spatial and temporal diversification

Stepien

Niner

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Infectious Diseases of Coldwater Fish in Marine and Brackish Waters

Leong¹,

Evensen²,

Woo³

2023

Climate Change on Diseases and Disorders of Finfish in Cage Culture

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Genomic and immunogenic changes over the history of the Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS-IVb) fish virus (=Piscine novirhabdovirus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes

Stepien

Niner

Gorgoglione

et al. 2020

Preprint

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26 27 Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) (=Piscine novirhabdovirus) appeared in the 28 Laurentian Great Lakes in 2005, constituting a unique and highly virulent genogroup (IVb), 29 which killed >32 fish species in large 2005 and 2006. Periods of apparent dormancy punctuated 30 smaller outbreaks in 2007, 2008, and 2017. We conducted the first whole genome analysis of 31 IVb, evaluating its evolutionary changes using 46 isolates, in reference to immunogenicity in cell 32 culture, and the genomes of other VHS genogroups (I-IVa) and other Novirhabdoviruses. IVb 33 isolates had 253 genomic nucleotide substitutions (2.3% of the total 11,158 nucleotides), with 85 34 (16.6%) being non-synonymous. The greatest number of substitutions occurred in the non-35 coding region (NCDS; 4.3%) followed by the Nv-(3.8%), and M-(2.8%) genes. The M-gene 36 possessed the greatest proportions of amino acid changes (52.9%), followed by the Nv-(50.0%), 37G-(48.6%), N-(35.7%) and L-(23.1%) genes. Among VHS genogroups, IVa from the 38 northeastern Pacific exhibited the fastest substitution rate (2.01x10-3), followed by IVb 39 (6.64x10 -5), and I/III from Europe (4.09x10 -5). A 2016 gizzard shad isolate from Lake Erie was 40 the most divergent IVb isolate (38 NT, 15.0%, 15 AA), yet exhibited reduced virulence with in 41 vitro immunogenicity analyses, as did other 2016 isolates, in comparison to the first IVb isolate 42 (2003). The 2016 isolates exhibited lower impact on innate antiviral responses, suggesting 43 phenotypic effects. Results suggest continued sequence change and lower virulence over the 44 history of IVb, which may facilitate its long-term persistence in fish host populations. 45 46

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Rhabdovirosis (viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus).

Abstract: This chapter describes the epidemiology, prevalence, distribution, phylogenetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and control rhabdoviral haemorrhagic septicaemia in domestic and wild fishes.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Evolutionary trajectory of fishPiscine novirhabdovirus(=Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) across its Laurentian Great Lakes history: Spatial and temporal diversification

Evolutionary trajectory of fishPiscine novirhabdovirus(=Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) across its Laurentian Great Lakes history: Spatial and temporal diversification

Infectious Diseases of Coldwater Fish in Marine and Brackish Waters

Genomic and immunogenic changes over the history of the Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS-IVb) fish virus (=Piscine novirhabdovirus) in the Laurentian Great Lakes

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