RGD-Dependent Mechanotransduction of Suspension Cultured Taxus Cell in Response to Shear Stress

Hong, Gao; Gong, Yanwen; Yuan, Ying‐Jin

doi:10.1021/bp060329+

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…It has previously been shown that mechanical perturbation of suspension-cultured cells triggers an increase in extracellular pH within 10 min (Gao et al, 2007). Capitalizing on the high sensitivity and wide pH measurement range of proton-selective microelectrodes, we monitored extracellular pH at the root surface during touch stimulation with high temporal resolution.…”

Section: Intra-and Extracellular Ph Changes Associated With Touch Stimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca2+ Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and pH during Mechanosensing inArabidopsisRoots

et al. 2009

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Mechanical stimulation of plants triggers a cytoplasmic Ca 2+ increase that is thought to link the touch stimulus to appropriate growth responses. We found that in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, external and endogenously generated mechanical forces consistently trigger rapid and transient increases in cytosolic Ca 2+ and that the signatures of these Ca 2+ transients are stimulus specific. Mechanical stimulation likewise elicited an apoplastic alkalinization and cytoplasmic acidification as well as apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These responses showed the same kinetics as mechanically induced Ca 2+ transients and could be elicited in the absence of a mechanical stimulus by artificially increasing Ca 2+ concentrations. Both pH changes and ROS production were inhibited by pretreatment with a Ca 2+ channel blocker, which also inhibited mechanically induced elevations in cytosolic Ca 2+ . In trichoblasts of the Arabidopsis root hair defective2 mutant, which lacks a functional NADPH oxidase RBOH C, touch stimulation still triggered pH changes but not the local increase in ROS production seen in wild-type plants. Thus, mechanical stimulation likely elicits Ca 2+ -dependent activation of RBOH C, resulting in ROS production to the cell wall. This ROS production appears to be coordinated with intra-and extracellular pH changes through the same mechanically induced cytosolic Ca 2+ transient.

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Section: Intra-and Extracellular Ph Changes Associated With Touch Stimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca2+ Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and pH during Mechanosensing inArabidopsisRoots

et al. 2009

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“…For example, in cell suspensions of soybean and Arabidopsis, and in onion epidermal cells RGD peptides caused loss of CW-PM adhesions in a concentration dependent manner, whereas RGE or DGR peptides did not show this effect [14], [15]. Moreover, RGD peptides added to pea epicotyls reduced the production of the phytoalexin pisatin [16], and in shear-stressed Taxus cells these peptides negatively affected the alkalization response, as well as the accumulation of both, phenolics and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [17]. Accordingly, cowpea and pea cells treated with RGD peptides display a disturbed CW-PM continuum and decreased expression of cell wall-associated defense responses upon fungal penetration, whereas these effects were not seen when RGE peptides were added.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lectin Receptor Kinase LecRK-I.9 Is a Novel Phytophthora Resistance Component and a Potential Host Target for a RXLR Effector

Bouwmeester

Sain

Weide³

et al. 2011

PLoS Pathog

204

189

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In plants, an active defense against biotrophic pathogens is dependent on a functional continuum between the cell wall (CW) and the plasma membrane (PM). It is thus anticipated that proteins maintaining this continuum also function in defense. The legume-like lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.9 is a putative mediator of CW-PM adhesions in Arabidopsis and is known to bind in vitro to the Phytophthora infestans RXLR-dEER effector IPI-O via a RGD cell attachment motif present in IPI-O. Here we show that LecRK-I.9 is associated with the plasma membrane, and that two T-DNA insertions lines deficient in LecRK-I.9 (lecrk-I.9) have a ‘gain-of-susceptibility’ phenotype specifically towards the oomycete Phytophthora brassicae. Accordingly, overexpression of LecRK-I.9 leads to enhanced resistance to P. brassicae. A similar ‘gain-of-susceptibility’ phenotype was observed in transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing ipiO (35S-ipiO1). This phenocopy behavior was also observed with respect to other defense-related functions; lecrk-I.9 and 35S-ipiO1 were both disturbed in pathogen- and MAMP-triggered callose deposition. By site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrated that the RGD cell attachment motif in IPI-O is not only essential for disrupting the CW-PM adhesions, but also for disease suppression. These results suggest that destabilizing the CW-PM continuum is one of the tactics used by Phytophthora to promote infection. As countermeasure the host may want to strengthen CW-PM adhesions and the novel Phytophthora resistance component LecRK-I.9 seems to function in this process.

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“…More recent studies have focused on the cellular and molecular responses of plant cells to shear stress. In particular, the shear stress responses of Taxus cuspidata cells have been extensively characterized using a Couettetype shear reactor; where at a shear rate of 95 s À1 an oxidative burst similar to the pathogen defense response was recorded (Han and Yuan, 2004); at 190 s À1 there was a detectable response to RGD peptides by reduced level of phosphorylation of MAPK-like cascades, a reduced alkalinization response, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and accumulation of phenolics, thus suggesting a cellular response to shear stress resembling the MAPK-like cascades present in mammalian cells (Gao et al, 2007). The oxidative response was further investigated by analyzing the proteins released to the culture medium (Cheng and Yuan, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects from shear stress on morphology and growth of early stages of Norway spruce somatic embryos

Sun

Aidun

Egertsdotter

2009

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The shear stress effect on directional expansion of pro embryogenic masses (PEMs) and suspensor cell development of somatic embryos of Norway spruce (Picea abies) at the proliferation stage was studied by a direct and quantitative image analysis system. The experimental system allowed for detailed observations of the effect of hydrodynamic shear stress in rotating and deforming liquid cultures of proliferating Norway spruce somatic embryos. Briefly, somatic embryos at an early development stage comprised only of clusters of meristematic cells without suspensor cells were fixed on an alginate film. The alginate film was affixed on the bottom of a flow cell and the somatic embryos were subjected to laminar flow through the chamber of the flow cell. Magnified images of the cell clusters were collected every 24 h. The image data was processed based on a normalized cross-correlation method, capable of measuring morphological and size features of individual cell clusters in both temporal and spatial domains. No suspensor cells developed in the cell clusters under shear stress of 140 s(-1) for the duration of the experiments. Cell clusters in the control cultured in stationary liquid conditions developed suspensor cells after 5-9 days in culture. Furthermore, the radial growth of meristematic cell clusters was inhibited by shear rates of 86 and 140 s(-1), corresponding to shear stress of 0.086 and 0.14 N/m(2), compared to growth under stationary conditions. The shear rate showed a significant negative correlation to growth rate. Control group showed no preference for direction during growth under static conditions.

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RGD-Dependent Mechanotransduction of Suspension Cultured Taxus Cell in Response to Shear Stress

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

Ca2+ Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and pH during Mechanosensing inArabidopsisRoots

Ca2+ Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and pH during Mechanosensing inArabidopsisRoots

The Lectin Receptor Kinase LecRK-I.9 Is a Novel Phytophthora Resistance Component and a Potential Host Target for a RXLR Effector

Effects from shear stress on morphology and growth of early stages of Norway spruce somatic embryos

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