Rg3-enriched Korean Red Ginseng enhances blood pressure stability in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Nagar, Harsha; Choi, Si Hwan; Jung, Sungyup; Kim, Cuk-Seong

doi:10.1016/j.imr.2016.05.006

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Another study compared blood pressure and blood vessel wall thickness after Rg3 administration in male mice. Mice treated with Rg3 significantly reduced blood pressure and vascular wall thickness (Nagar et al, 2016). These results suggest that Rg3 can be used as one of the therapeutic agents.…”

Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Moreover, Rg3 inhibited skin photo-aging and aided the recovery of photo-induced skin damage. (Nagar et al, 2016) Rg3 is being studied for its effects on various diseases and symptoms. In the following section, we discuss the effects of Rg3 on metabolic syndrome and its therapeutic prospects.…”

Section: Ginsenoside Rg3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reduction of blood pressure and blood vessel wall thickness Not investigated (Lee et al, 2016) In vivo (C57BL/6) Decrease the renin activity and angiotensin-I level Not investigated (Nagar et al, 2016) CONCLUSION Many studies on the association between ginseng and metabolic syndrome have been reported (Table 1). However, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and Rg3 requires further study.…”

Section: Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Ginsenoside Rg3 and Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Metabolic syndrome is an important public health issue and is associated with a more affluent lifestyle. Many studies of metabolic syndrome have been reported, but its pathogenesis remains unclear and there is no effective treatment. The ability of natural compounds to ameliorate metabolic syndrome is currently under investigation. Unlike synthetic chemicals, such natural products have proven utility in various fields. Recently, ginsenoside extracted from ginseng and ginseng root are representative examples. For example, ginseng is used in dietary supplements and cosmetics. In addition, various studies have reported the effects of ginsenoside on metabolic syndromes such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. In this review, we describe the potential of ginsenoside Rg3, a component of ginseng, in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Ginsenoside Rg3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Ginsenoside Rg3 and Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, functional ingredients with pharmacological properties, such as herbs, essential oils, and ginseng, are being used to develop healthier recipes. The health-promoting effects of ginsengs are well established with respect to their antioxidative [ 9 ], anti-inflammatory [ 10 ], antihypertensive [ 11 ], hypolipidemic [ 12 ], anti-diabetic [ 13 ], and cancer preventive activities [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ingredients of Korean brown rice cookies on attenuation of cholesterol level and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice

2017

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESOwing to health concerns related to the consumption of traditional snacks high in sugars and fats, much effort has been made to develop functional snacks with low calorie content. In this study, a new recipe for Korean rice cookie, dasik, was developed and its antioxidative, lipid-lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects and related mechanisms were elucidated. The effects were compared with those of traditional rice cake dasik (RCD), the lipid-lowering effect of which is greater than that of traditional western-style cookies.MATERIALS/METHODSGinseng-added brown rice dasik (GBRD) was prepared with brown rice flour, fructooligosaccharide, red ginseng extract, and propolis. Mice were grouped (n = 7 per group) into those fed a normal AIN-76 diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with RCD or GBRD. Dasik in the HFD accounted for 7% of the total calories. The lipid, reactive oxygen species, and peroxynitrite levels, and degree of lipid peroxidation in the plasma or liver were determined. The expression levels of proteins involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation, and those of antioxidant enzymes were determined by western blot analysis.RESULTSThe plasma and hepatic total cholesterol concentrations in the GBRD group were significantly decreased via downregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (P < 0.05). The hepatic peroxynitrite level was significantly lower, whereas glutathione was higher, in the GBRD group than in the RCD group. Among the antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly upregulated in the GBRD group (P < 0.05). In addition, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) expression in the GBRD group was significantly lower than that in the RCD group.CONCLUSIONSGBRD decreases the plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels by downregulating cholesterol synthesis. This new dasik recipe also improves the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory status in HFD-fed mice via CAT and GPx upregulation and NF-κB downregulation. These effects were significantly higher than those of RCD.

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“…19 In previous studies, we have shown that Rg3 improves vascular function through eNOS activation 20 and enhances blood pressure stability in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). 21 Hypertension is a major risk factor for a range of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the development of new antihypertensive drugs with established efficacy and safety is necessary to improve treatment regimens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antihypertensive Effects of Rg3-Enriched Korean Vitamin Ginseng in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Nagar

Kang

Choi

et al. 2020

Natural Product Communications

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Ginseng is well known to treat various diseases. Ginsenoside Rg3 exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities including cardiovascular protective effects. Vitamins utilized as supplements have minimal interactions with other drugs making them attractive targets for therapeutics. Here, we prepared Rg3-enriched Korean ginseng catalyzed by vitamin (REKVG) and evaluated its ability to improve hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The ginsenoside content in both Korean Red ginseng (KRG) and REKVG were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Male SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) were randomly divided into 6 groups (WKY saline, WKY KRG, WKY REKVG, SHR saline, SHR KRG, and SHR REKVG). KRG and REKVG were orally administered once daily to the rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 6 weeks, and blood pressure was measured in live rats using the tail-cuff method. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used for the in vitro experiment. HPLC chromatograms revealed that the concentration of ginsenoside Rg3 in REKVG was much higher than that in KRG. The administration of REKVG significantly decreased the systolic blood pressure in SHRs at the end of 6 weeks as compared to KRG. Further, REKVG use resulted in a dose-dependent increase in Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and NO production in endothelial cells. In addition, the administration of REKVG significantly increased Akt and eNOS phosphorylation and increased plasma NO levels in SHRs. We conclude that REKVG effectively lowers the blood pressure in rats and therefore could be considered for use in preventing or improving hypertension.

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Rg3-enriched Korean Red Ginseng enhances blood pressure stability in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Relationship Between Ginsenoside Rg3 and Metabolic Syndrome

Relationship Between Ginsenoside Rg3 and Metabolic Syndrome

Effects of ingredients of Korean brown rice cookies on attenuation of cholesterol level and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-fed mice

Antihypertensive Effects of Rg3-Enriched Korean Vitamin Ginseng in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

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