RF-based Multihop Wireless Communication for Shallow Underwater Environment

Ganesh, P.S.S. Pavan; Venkataraman, Hrishikesh

doi:10.1109/wispnet45539.2019.9032810

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Moreover, it also suffers from many other drawbacks, such as high attenuation (beside absorption and scattering, seawater conductivity seriously affects the propagation of electromagnetic waves), low bandwidth, very short communication range (typically less than 10m) and requiring large antennas. Nevertheless, occasionally, RF-based underwater WCNs have been practically deployed, as reported in the literature: [26,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: A Rf-based Underwater Wireless Communication Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of Underwater and Air-Water Wireless Communication

Aman¹,

Al-Kuwari²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present a first detailed survey that focuses on the security challenges faced by the underwater and air-water (A-W) wireless communication networks (WCNs), as well as the countermeasures proposed to date. Specifically, we provide a detailed literature review of the various kinds of active and passive attacks which hamper the confidentiality, integrity, authentication and availability of both underwater and A-W WCNs. For clarity of exposition, this survey paper is mainly divided into two parts. The first part of the paper is essentially a primer on underwater and A-W WCNs whereby we outline the benefits and drawbacks of the three promising underwater and A-W candidate technologies: radio frequency (RF), acoustic, and optical, along with channel modelling. To this end, we also describe the indirect (relay-aided) and direct mechanisms for the A-W WCNs along with channel modelling. This sets the stage for the second part (and main contribution) of the paper whereby we provide a thorough comparative discussion of a vast set of works that have reported the security breaches (as well as viable countermeasures) for many diverse configurations of the underwater and A-W WCNs. Finally, we highlight some research gaps in the open literature and identify some open problems for the future work.

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Section: A Rf-based Underwater Wireless Communication Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of Underwater and Air-Water Wireless Communication

Aman¹,

Al-Kuwari²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The channel electrical properties were first observed for shallow water of the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and freshwater in this paper. Given the large attenuation and high pathloss restricts the use of RF signal at the frequencies above 100 MHz in water, it was observed that 6.78 MHz is better suited for shallow water applications [17]. Therefore, 6.78 MHz is considered for the simulation and analysis in this work.…”

Section: Energy Model For Shallow Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the effect of operating frequency, attenuation, and pathloss were not considered in their model which are significant for the energy model using RF propagation in any medium. The electrical parameters of the shallow water closely match to the lossy dielectric medium [17]. Therefore, to obtain energy consumption in shallow water RF nodes, it is essential to consider the dielectric properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%