Rewarding Brain Stimulation

Yeomans, John S.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-045396-5.00163-9

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Previous studies confirm that tonic LC discharge rates are increased in an additive manner using this tonic stimulation protocol (Devilbiss et al 2006). Stimulus currents within 3-300 A activate cells within a maximal radius of 150 m (smaller distance for smaller cells) (Snow et al 1999;Stoney et al 1967;Yeomans 1990). Thus the stimulus parameters used here were selected so as to minimize current spread beyond the borders of the LC nucleus.…”

Section: Activation Of the Lcmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Direct comparisons of the effects of phasic versus tonic activation of the LC can only be made using electrical stimulation paradigms; although disadvantages to this technique have been discussed and include activation of adjacent tissue in the pons, fibers of passage, and non-LC neurons (Berridge and Abercrombie 1999;Foote et al 1991). Importantly, the combination of low stimulus currents shown to have minimal current spread (Snow et al 1999;Stoney et al 1967;Yeomans 1990), electrophysiological confirmation that stimulation electrodes were within or immediately adjacent to the LC during surgery (Akaike 1982), and postmortem with histological methods, suggests that in the current study activation was likely confined to the LC and peri-LC regions. Moreover, the lack of overt whisker movement and lack of somatosensory neuron response to LC stimulation as a result of activating the neighboring mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus further supports the likelihood that our LC electrical stimulation had a minimal sphere of influence.…”

Section: Neuromodulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phasic and Tonic Patterns of Locus Coeruleus Output Differentially Modulate Sensory Network Function in the Awake Rat

Devilbiss

Waterhouse

2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

109

100

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Devilbiss DM, Waterhouse BD. Phasic and tonic patterns of locus coeruleus output differentially modulate sensory network function in the awake rat. J Neurophysiol 105: 69 -87, 2011. First published October 27, 2010 doi:10.1152/jn.00445.2010. Neurons of the nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) discharge with phasic bursts of activity superimposed on highly regular tonic discharge rates. Phasic bursts are elicited by bottom-up input mechanisms involving novel/salient sensory stimuli and top-down decision making processes; whereas tonic rates largely fluctuate according to arousal levels and behavioral states. Although it is generally believed that these two modes of activity differentially modulate information processing in LC targets, the unique role of phasic versus tonic LC output on signal processing in cells, circuits, and neural networks of waking animals is not well understood. In the current study, simultaneous recordings of individual neurons within ventral posterior medial thalamus and barrel field cortex of conscious rats provided evidence that each mode of LC output produces a unique modulatory impact on single neuron responsiveness to sensory-driven synaptic input and representations of sensory information across ensembles of simultaneously recorded cells. Each mode of LC activation specifically modulated the relationship between sensory-stimulus intensity and the subsequent responses of individual neurons and neural ensembles. Overall these results indicate that phasic versus tonic modes of LC discharge exert fundamentally different modulatory effects on target neuronal circuits within the rodent trigeminal somatosensory system. As such, each mode of LC output may differentially influence signal processing as a means of optimizing behaviorally relevant neural computations within this sensory network. Likely the ability of the LC system to differentially regulate neural responses and local circuit operations according to behavioral demands extends to other brain regions including those involved in higher cognitive functions.

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Section: Activation Of the Lcmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Neuromodulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phasic and Tonic Patterns of Locus Coeruleus Output Differentially Modulate Sensory Network Function in the Awake Rat

Devilbiss

Waterhouse

2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

109

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Like the L29 neurons, the VTA DA neurons are not homogenous and may be involved in learning about different types of USs (Lammel et al 2011(Lammel et al , 2012Navratilova et al 2012). They receive glutamatergic excitatory input from brain regions that process the CS (e.g., the PFC) and glutamatergic, cholinergic, and peptidergic excitatory input from regions that process the US (e.g., the laterodorsal and pedunculopontine tegmentum [PPTg] and lateral hypothalamus) (Floresco et al 2003;Aston-Jones et al 2010;Yeomans 2010;Zellner and Ranaldi 2010;Lammel et al 2012;Kempadoo et al 2013). During conditioning, the VTA DA neurons increase their firing to the CS and decrease their firing to the US, so that they fire in expectation of reward (Schultz et al 1997;Schultz 2011).…”

Section: Mammalian Plasticity and Reward Circuitry Have Many Similarimentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible contributions of a novel form of synaptic plasticity inAplysiato reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in mammalian brain

Hawkins

2013

Learn. Mem.

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Recent studies in Aplysia have identified a new variation of synaptic plasticity in which modulatory transmitters enhance spontaneous release of glutamate, which then acts on postsynaptic receptors to recruit mechanisms of intermediate-and long-term plasticity. In this review I suggest the hypothesis that similar plasticity occurs in mammals, where it may contribute to reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in several psychiatric disorders. In Aplysia, spontaneous release is enhanced by activation of presynaptic serotonin receptors, but presynaptic D1 dopamine receptors or nicotinic acetylcholine receptors could play a similar role in mammals. Those receptors enhance spontaneous release of glutamate in hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, prefrontal cortex, ventral tegmental area, and nucleus accumbens. In all of those brain areas, glutamate can activate postsynaptic receptors to elevate Ca 2+ and engage mechanisms of early-phase long-term potentiation (LTP), including AMPA receptor insertion, and of late-phase LTP, including protein synthesis and growth. Thus, presynaptic receptors and spontaneous release may contribute to postsynaptic mechanisms of plasticity in brain regions involved in reward and memory, and could play roles in disorders that affect plasticity in those regions, including addiction, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

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“…Today, a significant portion of the literature is devoted to neurostimulation [56] and "neurodevices for the management of nervous system disorders have been recognized as most promising through the coming decades" ( [10], p. 247). Indeed, the introduction of new technologies combined with intelligent continuous feedback control of pathological oscillations should bring continued progress in the field of DBS.…”

Section: Brief Historical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past, Present and Future of Brain Stimulation

Modolo

Edwards

Campagnaud

et al. 2010

Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.

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Abstract. Recent technological advances including brain imaging (higher resolution in space and time), miniaturization of integrated circuits (nanotechnologies), and acceleration of computation speed (Moore's Law), combined with interpenetration between neuroscience, mathematics, and physics have led to the development of more biologically plausible computational models and novel therapeutic strategies. Today, mathematical models of irreversible medical conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD) are developed and parameterised based on clinical data. How do these evolutions have a bearing on deep brain stimulation (DBS) of patients with PD? We review how the idea of DBS, a standard therapeutic strategy used to attenuate neurological symptoms (motor, psychiatric), has emerged from past experimental and clinical observations, and present how, over the last decade, computational models based on different approaches (phase oscillator models, spiking neuron network models, population-based models) have started to shed light onto DBS mechanisms. Finally, we explore a new mathematical modelling approach based on neural field equations to optimize mechanisms of brain stimulation and achieve finer control of targeted neuronal populations. We conclude that neuroscience and mathematics are crucial partners in exploring brain stimulation and this partnership should also include other domains such as signal processing, control theory and ethics.

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Rewarding Brain Stimulation

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Phasic and Tonic Patterns of Locus Coeruleus Output Differentially Modulate Sensory Network Function in the Awake Rat

Phasic and Tonic Patterns of Locus Coeruleus Output Differentially Modulate Sensory Network Function in the Awake Rat

Possible contributions of a novel form of synaptic plasticity inAplysiato reward, memory, and their dysfunctions in mammalian brain

Past, Present and Future of Brain Stimulation

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