Reward sensitivity modulates the brain reward pathway in stress resilience via the inherent neuroendocrine system

Hu, Weiyu; Zhang, Xiaolin; Liu, Yadong; Ren, Yipeng; Wei, Zhenni; Tang, Zihan; Tian, Yun; Sun, Yuhan; Ye, Juan

doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2022.100485

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…As such, we implemented a punishment-based behavioral test where perseverance in responding despite punishment defined compulsive behavior. Finally, reward sensitivity represents the tendency of individuals to approach a positive reinforcer ( 50 ). In this article, it is operationally defined as the mean of drug infusions obtained during the last three sessions of operant training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THC exposure during adolescence increases impulsivity-like behavior in adulthood in a WIN 55,212-2 self-administration mouse model

et al. 2023

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BackgroundCannabis addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder lacking effective treatment. Regular cannabis consumption typically begins during adolescence, and this early cannabinoid exposure may increase the risk for drug addiction in adulthood.ObjectiveThis study investigates the development of cannabis addiction-like behavior in adult mice after adolescent exposure to the main psychoactive component of cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).MethodsAdolescent male mice were exposed to 5 mg/kg of THC from postnatal days 37 to 57. Operant self-administration sessions of WIN 55,212-2 (12.5 μg/kg/infusion) were conducted for 10 days. Mice were tested for three addiction-like criteria (persistence of response, motivation, and compulsivity), two parameters related to craving (resistance to extinction and drug-seeking behavior), and two phenotypic vulnerability traits related to substance use disorders (impulsivity and reward sensitivity). Additionally, qPCR assays were performed to detect differentially expressed genes in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), dorsal striatum, and hippocampus (HPC) of “addicted” and “non-addicted” mice.ResultsAdolescent THC exposure did not modify WIN 55,212-2 reinforcement nor the development of cannabis addiction-like behavior. Inversely, THC pre-exposed mice displayed impulsive-like behavior in adulthood, which was more pronounced in mice that developed the addiction-like criteria. Moreover, downregulated drd2 and adora2a gene expression in NAc and HPC was revealed in THC pre-exposed mice, as well as a downregulation of drd2 expression in mPFC of vehicle pre-treated mice that developed addiction-like behaviors.DiscussionThese findings suggest that adolescent THC exposure may promote impulsivity-like behavior in adulthood, associated with downregulated drd2 and adora2a expression in NAc and HPC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THC exposure during adolescence increases impulsivity-like behavior in adulthood in a WIN 55,212-2 self-administration mouse model

et al. 2023

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“…As a crucial component of the PVS, the RewP is positively related to positive affect (Gable et al, 2021) and approach motivation to pursue rewarding goals (Pegg et al, 2021). Therefore, individuals with lower sensitivity to rewards are likely to exhibit less positive affect or have more difficulties in obtaining and utilizing reward experiences to adapt to stressful situations (Hu et al, 2022; Luking et al, 2016). By contrast, individuals with higher sensitivity to rewards, as indicated by self‐reported reward sensitivity or neural reactivity to rewards in VS, experience more positive affects following the experimental stress task (Corral‐Frías et al, 2016) or facing recent life stress (Nikolova et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blunted reward responsiveness prospectively predicts emotional distress when exposed to a naturalistic stressor

Yan

Kohn

Wei

et al. 2022

British J of Psychology

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Both stress and blunted reward responsiveness have been identified as core risk factors of depression. Whether blunted reward responsiveness increases psychological vulnerability to real‐life stress from a dynamic perspective (from stress reactivity to recovery) has not been investigated. By utilizing a real‐world stressful event (i.e. the final examination), this study aimed to explore the role of reward responsiveness in the stress‐emotional distress relationship during stress reactivity and recovery phases. We followed 57 undergraduates with three assessments, from six weeks before examination weeks (T1, baseline), one day before the examinations (T2) to two weeks after the examinations (T3), therefore, covering stress reactivity (T1 to T2) and recovery (T2 to T3) phases. At baseline, reward responsiveness was measured as the Reward Positivity (RewP) in the doors task. Stress and emotional distress (anxiety and depression) were reported at T1, T2 and T3 to capture their dynamic changes. Results showed that self‐report stress levels significantly increased from T1 to T2 (stress reactivity phase) and decreased from T2 to T3 (stress recovery phase). Furthermore, blunted reward responsiveness at baseline prospectively predicted emotional distress during the stress reactivity phase but not the recovery phase. Specifically, during the stress reactivity phase, higher perceived stress was associated with greater anxiety and depression only in participants with relatively smaller residual RewP amplitudes but not in participants with relatively larger residual RewP amplitudes. Our study demonstrated that a blunted reward responsiveness is a vulnerable factor of depression, especially when exposed to stress. Our findings provide insights into prevention and intervention for stress‐related disturbance.

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“…Although greater BAS sensitivity appears more often related to positive outcomes (e.g., Hu et al, 2022 ; Pulido et al, 2023 ), this is not always the case. For example, BAS impulsivity shows negative associations with self-control (Bacon & Corr, 2017 ).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reinforcement sensitivity theory affects questionnaire (RST-AQ). A validation study of a new scale targeting affects related to anxiety, approach motivation and fear

2023

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This paper presents the RST-AQ, a 22-item scale to measure the affective states related to the three motivational systems postulated by Reinforcement Sensitivity theory (RST-AQ): the Behavioral approach system (BAS), Behavioral inhibition system (BIS), and the Fight-Flight-Freeze system (FFFS). The three subscales are internally consistent. Results show an overall support for construct validity of our RST-AQ measure. The correlations of the RST-AQ subscales with other measures demonstrate a good convergent and divergent validity with regard to the subscales of BAS and BIS. The RTS-AQ Scale provides researcher with the first instrument to measures the affective states of the RST theory.

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Reward sensitivity modulates the brain reward pathway in stress resilience via the inherent neuroendocrine system

Cited by 10 publications

References 113 publications

THC exposure during adolescence increases impulsivity-like behavior in adulthood in a WIN 55,212-2 self-administration mouse model

THC exposure during adolescence increases impulsivity-like behavior in adulthood in a WIN 55,212-2 self-administration mouse model

Blunted reward responsiveness prospectively predicts emotional distress when exposed to a naturalistic stressor

The reinforcement sensitivity theory affects questionnaire (RST-AQ). A validation study of a new scale targeting affects related to anxiety, approach motivation and fear

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