Revolutions, Samurai, and Reductons: The Parodoxes of Change and Continuity in Iran and Japan

Moghaddam, Fathali M.; Crystal, David

doi:10.1111/0162-895x.00061

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…She lived to see the 1978–79 revolution, and the postrevolutionary era when all women were obligated by law to wear the veil. But she had also lived through the reign of first Pahlavi King, Reza Shah (1926–41), and his attempts particularly in the 1930s to forbid the wearing of the veil in public places (Moghaddam & Crystal, 1997). She told the story of how the Shah's police would stand guard on street corners in Tehran and pull the veil off the head of any women who dared to appear in public ba‐hejab .…”

Section: The Centrality Of Identity In the Formation Of The Psychologmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychological Citizen and the Two Concepts of Social Contract: A Preliminary Analysis

Moghaddam

2008

Political Psychology

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A shift in focus from the logical to the psychological social contract allows us to better explore the socialization of the psychological citizen, and the relationship between identity of individuals and the socio-political order, with its particular group-based inequalities. Traditional psychological studies have provided valuable insights into certain aspects of identity, but the new narrative research is leading to novel insights into longer term processes associated with the positioning of identity. The new approach recognizes the dual nature of mental processes and the integral role of context in individual development.Illustrative examples are discussed of the role of cultural carriers in the formation of identity, highlighting the infusion of the macrolevel normative system to thought and action at the microlevel of individuals.My first goal in this discussion is to explore some key features of the psychological citizen, the cognitive and behavioral characteristics people need in order to function effectively as part of, and to sustain, a sociopolitical order. I shall particularly focus on how psychological citizens come to incorporate aspects of the normative system, such as values and ideology (Feldman, 2003;Schwartz, 2007), autonomy (Dennis, Talih, Cole, Zahn-Waxler, & Mizuta, 2007), and trust and distrust (Warren, 1999), reflecting the wider sociopolitical order, within their identities. In tackling this first goal, I will necessarily take up a second: that of clarifying the difference between two concepts of the social contract, the idea that a central authority, government, or a state owes its origins to a mutual agreement between individuals.The first of these concepts is the familiar treatment of social contract theory as a branch of political philosophy. A great deal has already been said about this logical view of the social contract theory, which brings out the logical necessary

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Section: The Centrality Of Identity In the Formation Of The Psychologmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Psychological Citizen and the Two Concepts of Social Contract: A Preliminary Analysis

Moghaddam

2008

Political Psychology

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“…In inertia, even though a society in a state of inertia is no longer going through major social changes, the need or desire for change still lingers (Sloutsky and Searle-White, 1993). This can be due to a DSC that did not, in the end, really change the way a collectivity is ruled or how its citizens are treated (Moghaddam and Crystal, 1997; Moghaddam and Lvina, 2002). …”

Section: Coming Full Circle: Theoretical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory experiments, however, are difficult to design, because it is a challenge to reproduce the actual characteristics of social change in the laboratory which limits their ecological validity (de la Sablonnière et al, 2013). Indeed, social change typically entails various elements such as historical processes, a collective perspective, and associated cultural elements (Moghaddam and Crystal, 1997) which must be taken into consideration in order to replicate their impact in an artificial setting. For example, the impact of the Tohoku tsunami in Japan or the Syrian conflict cannot be recreated in their entirety in a laboratory; nor can all the characteristic of social change be taken into consideration in a laboratory study designed to assess the impact(s) of social change.…”

Section: Conducting Research On Social Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Psychology of Social Change: A Typology of Social Change

Sablonnière

2017

Front. Psychol.

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Millions of people worldwide are affected by dramatic social change (DSC). While sociological theory aims to understand its precipitants, the psychological consequences remain poorly understood. A large-scale literature review pointed to the desperate need for a typology of social change that might guide theory and research toward a better understanding of the psychology of social change. Over 5,000 abstracts from peer-reviewed articles were assessed from sociological and psychological publications. Based on stringent inclusion criteria, a final 325 articles were used to construct a novel, multi-level typology designed to conceptualize and categorize social change in terms of its psychological threat to psychological well-being. The typology of social change includes four social contexts: Stability, Inertia, Incremental Social Change and, finally, DSC. Four characteristics of DSC were further identified: the pace of social change, rupture to the social structure, rupture to the normative structure, and the level of threat to one's cultural identity. A theoretical model that links the characteristics of social change together and with the social contexts is also suggested. The typology of social change as well as our theoretical proposition may serve as a foundation for future investigations and increase our understanding of the psychologically adaptive mechanisms used in the wake of DSC.

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“…(p. 24) An old elite may be replaced with a new one, which may despite its best intentions turn out to be just as oppressive. As Moghaddam and Crystal (1997) point out, revolutionary regimes often end up mirroring the regimes they replace.…”

Section: The Paradox Of Emancipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Ivory Towers

Voronov

Coleman

2003

The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science

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The aim of this article is to consider how the important insights offered by critical management studies (CMS) can be made more accessible to wider audiences and used to inform organizational practice. The authors start by briefly discussing the main ideals and aims of CMS, touching on the heterogeneity of the field and focusing on the issues that CMS scholars have had to address to find receptive ears among non-CMS scholars and practitioners. They then proceed to suggest how CMS may become better able to reach those audiences by offering more accessible concepts and methodologies. The notion of organizational power practices is introduced as a way to facilitate that task by making CMS-inspired investigation of power more accessible and relevant to everyday organizational concerns.

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Revolutions, Samurai, and Reductons: The Parodoxes of Change and Continuity in Iran and Japan

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

The Psychological Citizen and the Two Concepts of Social Contract: A Preliminary Analysis

The Psychological Citizen and the Two Concepts of Social Contract: A Preliminary Analysis

Toward a Psychology of Social Change: A Typology of Social Change

Beyond the Ivory Towers

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