Revolutionizing cancer treatment by boosting dendritic cell vaccine efficacy with graphene oxide

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells that play a crucial role in stimulating T cell responses against cancer. DC vaccines have been utilized as an immunotherapy approach for cancer treatment, but their effectiveness is hampered by challenges in the tumor microenvironment. Graphene oxide (GO), a cutting-edge carbon-based nanomaterial, has shown promise in modulating DC activation and function. This review highlights the recent advancements in DC vaccines and explores how GO can enhance their efficacy for cancer treatment. By leveraging the unique properties of GO, such as its biocompatibility and immunomodulatory effects, DC vaccines can potentially be optimized to overcome the limitations of the tumor microenvironment and achieve improved outcomes in cancer immunotherapy.

A Narrative Review on the Promising Potential of Graphene in Vaccine Design: Evaluating the Benefits and Drawbacks of Carbon Nanoplates in Nanovaccine Production

“…The stabilizing properties of graphene-based materials can be tailored and optimized for specific vaccine formulations and target pathogens. The functionalization of the graphene surface with various molecules or coatings can further enhance the stability-improving capabilities of graphene-based components [ 36 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Editorial review on Vol. 7 No. 1

“…The development of effective DC vaccines has been hampered by various challenges; however, the emergence of nanomaterials, especially graphene oxide (GO), offers promising avenues to enhance the efficacy of DC vaccines. Through a comparative analysis of relevant literature and research, Mohamed et al [7] concluded that the potential of GO and its functionalized derivatives as adjuvants for vaccine formulations is huge because they can enhance vaccine stability, antigen delivery, and immune responses. However, solving several of the above clinical translational challenges requires interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and regulatory agencies.…”