Revolutionary Waves and Lines of the Twentieth Century

Гринин, Леонид; Гринин, Антон

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86468-2_12

Cited by 33 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Thus, in order to check if the results obtained for NAVCO turn out to be valid for the revolutionary events proper, we implement the dataset for 1950–2021 that describes only revolutionary events (revolutions, failed revolutions/revolutionary episodes, revolutionary guerrilla warfare, analogues of revolutions and failed revolutions) without any quasi-revolutionary episodes. It contains events from the database of the 21 st century revolutions (reproduced in the online supplement material, Table S8) augmented for the 1950–1999 period with the events from the dataset of 20 th century revolutions developed by L. Grinin and Grinin (2022) as well as those revolutionary events of the 20 th century that are present simultaneously both in Franziska Keller’s dataset of revolutions (Keller, 2012) and in NAVCO (Chenoweth & Shay, 2020a). In this way, we have a comprehensive list of revolutionary events between 1950 and 2021.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education and Revolutions: Why do Revolutionary Uprisings Take Violent or Nonviolent Forms?

Ustyuzhanin

Korotayev

2023

Cross-Cultural Research

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Is there a relationship between education and the type of revolutionary action – violent or nonviolent? Past studies found a positive relationship between the education and nonviolence, but the influence that education produces on the form that revolution takes has not yet been explored. We show several possible mechanisms that push the educated population to choose nonviolent tactic: (1) education changes people’s preferences toward peaceful solutions and increases support for civil liberties; (2) it enhances human capital that makes it feasible to use unarmed tactics successfully and (3) it increases the relative costs of engaging in armed action. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that the higher education in a country, the higher the probability that revolution will be nonviolent. This paper examines it at a cross-national level with an analysis of 470 NAVCO ‘maximalist campaigns’ and 265 revolutionary events recorded between 1950 and 2020. Overall, we find robust evidence that the higher the level of education in a country, the lower chance that the revolution there would take a violent/armed form.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education and Revolutions: Why do Revolutionary Uprisings Take Violent or Nonviolent Forms?

Ustyuzhanin

Korotayev

2023

Cross-Cultural Research

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“…Broadcasting policy and regulation was set by the government. In the post-independent period, especially in African states, the role of nation-building and development was done by the government in power made up of people who were involved in the independence struggle Grinin, & Grinin, (2022). The leaders began setting up mechanisms that only allowed them to stay longer in power; therefore, establishment of private broadcasting was not permitted.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Vernacular Radio Regulatory Policies on Peacebuilding During 2007, 2012, and 2017 Conflicts in Presidential Elections in Kisumu County, Kenya

Taro

Ndati²,

Mataba³

2022

Int. j. geopolit. gov.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the Ramogi Vernacular FM Radio Station and peacebuilding interventions during conflicts arising from presidential elections in 2007, 2012, and 2017. Specifically, the study aimed to assess the impact of Vernacular Radio regulatory editorial policies on peacebuilding. The study was guided by Agenda setting theory. The study used a mixed method (triangulation) research design. Purposive, Stratified, and Simple random sampling techniques were used to select the sample size of 384 respondents. However, 345 (89.8%) respondents from the sample were injected into the study whereby 104 were Head teachers of Primary Schools; 44 principals of secondary schools; 7 Sub-County Administrators; 67 Market Chairpersons; 38 supermarket Proprietors: 56 Bodaboda (Motor Cycle) Operators; 25 Bodaboda Sacco Chairpersons in Kisumu County and 4 Media Persons returned questionnaires and a ration of 1:10 was interviewed. Data for the study was collected by the use of questionnaires, interview schedules, and document analysis. Pearson’s r for the reliability of piloted data was +0.89 for educationists and +0.82 for business fraternity which indicated good internal consistency. Quantitative data was analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using tables and pie charts. Qualitative data was thematically analysed using NVIVO and presented through thematic narratives, which involved the identification and interpretation of patterns and themes whereby inferential statistics were used to gauge influence. The finding showed that the media outlets freely broadcast to residents. Further, social actors’ utterances were not monitored and this was a recipe for chaotic outcomes. This research recommended that there is a need for policy formulation to fill gaps in media policies to facilitate freedom of the press, need for political accountability, and need to adapt inter-cultural dialogue to enhance social cohesion.

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