Revival of silenced echo and quantum memory for light

Damon, Vianney; Bonarota, M.; Louchet-Chauvet, Anne; Chanelière, Thierry; Gouët, J.-L. Le

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/13/9/093031

Cited by 142 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We did not address this issue in our previous proof-ofprinciple demonstration [10]. First of all, Y 2 SiO 5 is a birefingent biaxial crystal.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Large efficiency at telecom wavelength for optical quantum memories

Dajczgewand¹,

Gouët²,

Louchet-Chauvet³

et al. 2014

Opt. Lett.

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We implement the ROSE protocol in an erbium doped solid, compatible with the telecom range. The ROSE scheme is an adaptation of the standard 2-pulse photon echo to make it suitable for a quantum memory. We observe an efficiency of 40% in a forward direction by using specific orientations of the light polarizations, magnetic field and crystal axes. The use of erbium doped materials has revolutionized fiber-optic communications. The erbium-doped fiber amplifier is a key enabling technology already emblematic of our century. Its transposition to the quantum communication world is an active subject of research showing interesting possibilities for long distance quantum cryptography [1,2].The direct use of erbium-doped fiber as an optical quantum memory is extremely appealing. Nevertheless the coherence time necessary to preserve the quantumness falls in the microsecond range even at subKelvin temperature [3]. Instead of amorphous materials [4], crystalline samples namely Er 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 have shown remarkably long optical coherence time for solids [5]. These engaging properties are unfortunately counterbalanced by poor optical pumping dynamics. Spectral hole-burning (SHB) required by most of the quantum storage protocols is particularly challenging in erbium doped solids [6]. This intrinsic limitation is both due to the short lifetime of the population possibly shelved in the Zeeman sublevels (< 100 ms [6]) and to the long excited state population lifetime (∼ 10 ms). The ratio between the two timescales is not sufficient to obtain a good state preparation for optical thick samples. This simple experimental observation drastically bridles the implementation of quantum memories [7]. As an example, using the protocol named CRIB for controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening derived from the photon- We recently proposed a protocol called Revival Of Si-

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“…We did not address this issue in our previous proof-ofprinciple demonstration [10]. First of all, Y 2 SiO 5 is a birefingent biaxial crystal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As an example, using the protocol named CRIB for controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening derived from the photon-echo technique, Lauritzen lenced Echo (ROSE). It doesn't require any state preparation [10]. ROSE is a sequel of the standard two-pulse echo (2PE) adapted for quantum information storage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large efficiency at telecom wavelength for optical quantum memories

Dajczgewand¹,

Gouët²,

Louchet-Chauvet³

et al. 2014

Opt. Lett.

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“…In particular, a broad range of protocols for realizing memories in these materials have been developed, using controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening [1,2], atomic frequency combs [3,4], rephased amplified spontaneous emission [5] or silencing of a photon echo ( [6,7]). The first demonstration of a quantum memory operating above the no cloning limit [8], and the first demonstration of storage for over a second [9], were performed in a rare earth doped material.…”

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confidence: 99%

Precision Measurement of Electronic Ion-Ion Interactions between NeighboringEu3+Optical Centers

et al. 2013

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We report measurements of discrete excitation-induced frequency shifts on the 7 F 0 ! 5 D 0 transition of the Eu 3þ center in La:Lu:EuCl 3 Á 6D 2 O resulting from the optical excitation of neighboring Eu 3þ ions. Shifts of up to 46:081 AE 0:005 MHz were observed. The magnitude of the interaction between neighboring ions was found to be significantly larger than expected from the electric dipole-dipole mechanism often observed in rare earth systems. We show that a large network of interacting and individually addressable centers can be created by lightly doping crystals otherwise stoichiometric in the optically active rare earth ion, and that this network could be used to implement a quantum processor with more than ten qubits. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.240501 PACS numbers: 03.67.Lx, 42.50.Md, 78.47.nd Rare earth ions in solids are increasingly being utilized in demonstrations of quantum information devices. In particular, a broad range of protocols for realizing memories in these materials have been developed, using controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening [1,2], atomic frequency combs [3,4], rephased amplified spontaneous emission [5] or silencing of a photon echo ([6,7]). The first demonstration of a quantum memory operating above the no cloning limit [8], and the first demonstration of storage for over a second [9], were performed in a rare earth doped material. Very large bandwidths [10] and multi-mode capacity [11] have been achieved and the ability to store polarization qubits demonstrated [12][13][14]. Rare earth solids are successful as quantum memories because they combine high spectral and spatial densities with long optical and hyperfine coherence times, properties that are almost unique to rare earth ions amongst all optical centers in solids.All of the above devices operate on the assumption that the rare earth ions are isolated from one another, interacting only through the optical field. This is a reasonable approximation for the low concentration crystals used for the quantum memory demonstrations to date, but as the rare earth ion concentration is increased to increase memory bandwidths and efficiencies, ion-ion interactions will increasingly become important.Although the interaction between ions is likely to degrade the performance of quantum devices requiring ensembles of isolated optical centers, there has been interest in utilizing electronic ion-ion interactions to perform quantum logic operations [15,16]. The experimental investigations to date have been carried out using an ensemble approach (e.g., Refs. [17][18][19][20]), but recent demonstrations of the detection of single rare earth ion dopants [21,22] has raised the prospect of developing single instance quantum processors based on rare earth ions. Electronic interactions between rare earth ions in crystals are not well characterized. They are studied through two main effects: energy transfer between ions and optical frequency shifts caused by the excitation of nearby ions. Most studies of both these effects have been mad...

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“…It also has the benefit of no hyperfine structure at zero magnetic field, which allows for the possibility of broadband operation. In systems with hyperfine structure, which is desired for long term storage [15], FID phenomena can be avoided by phase-matching [24] or by a four level echo scheme [21]. Operation at telecommunication wavelengths is possible using erbium dopants where the potential for long lived spin coherences has recently been identified [25].…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Realization of Light with Time-Separated Correlations by Rephasing Amplified Spontaneous Emission

2012

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Amplified spontaneous emission is a common noise source in active optical systems, it is generally seen as being an incoherent process. Here we excite an ensemble of rare earth ion dopants in a solid with a π-pulse, resulting in amplified spontaneous emission. The application of a second π-pulse leads to a coherent echo of the amplified spontaneous emission that is correlated in both amplitude and phase. For small optical thicknesses, we see evidence that the amplified spontaneous emission and its echo are entangled.PACS numbers: 32.80.Qk, 42.50 p, 78.47.jf Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) [1] is a ubiquitous phenomena that produces low-temporal coherence light in optical amplifiers. As well as being an unwanted noise process in optical amplifiers [2], and a source of inefficiency in lasers [3], it forms the basis of many useful high brightness, broadband light sources [4]. Recent theoretical work showed that applying rephasing pulses to atoms with long coherence times produces an 'echo' of ASE [5]. It was also shown, theoretically, that the photon count correlations between the rephased amplified spontaneous emission (RASE) and the ASE violate the classical Cauchy-Schwartz inequality for small optical depths.RASE is attractive in that streams of time separated entangled photons can be created. This is interesting in the context of scaleable, long distance quantum information networking and communication, which requires a quantum repeater [6]. At its heart, a quantum repeater is a source of entangled photons that are separated in time. This way entanglement swapping can entangle two remote stations even though the photons coming from these stations may arrive at different times. One proposal to realize an elementary link of a quantum repeater using atomic ensembles and linear optics is the Duan-LukinCirac-Zoller (DLCZ) protocol [7]. The DLCZ protocol uses atoms in a lambda configuration. It relies on the fact that every excitation of the spin-wave is accompanied by the absorption of a photon from one of the two coupled optical fields and emission into the other. In the write process the photon is absorbed from the coherent driving field and emitted into the signal field. As a result of this there is a one to one correspondence between the excitations created in the spin-wave and in the signal field. The read process is followed some time later by the write process, where the roles of the two fields are reversed. This time there is a one to one correspondence between the excitations removed from the spin-wave and photons emitted into the signal field. This results in a photon pair source with the photons separated in time. Among the recent achievements in the implementation of the DLCZ protocol are long term storage in a system that produces telecommunication wavelength write photons [8] and the entanglement of four ensembles [9].RASE has strong parallels to the DLCZ protocol, especially when the upper level of the lambda system can be adiabatically eliminated, meaning the lambda systems can be treated ef...

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Revival of silenced echo and quantum memory for light

Cited by 142 publications

References 40 publications

Large efficiency at telecom wavelength for optical quantum memories

Large efficiency at telecom wavelength for optical quantum memories

Precision Measurement of Electronic Ion-Ion Interactions between NeighboringEu3+Optical Centers

Experimental Realization of Light with Time-Separated Correlations by Rephasing Amplified Spontaneous Emission

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