“…One stream of the literature investigates the relationship between EPU and macroeconomic variables such as inflation, consumption, investments, economic development, money demand, unemployment, and financial distress (Hashmi and Chang, 2021 ; Hashmi et al, 2021 ; Jones and Olson, 2013 ; Brogaard and Detzel, 2015 ; Aastveit et al, 2017 ; Caggiano et al, 2017 ). In contrast, another stream of literature examines the impact of EPU on different asset classes such as commodities, derivatives and insurance, gold futures, bonds, and stocks (Syed et al, 2019 ; Hashmi et al, 2021 ; Hashmi et al, 2022 ; Arouri et al, 2016 ; Li et al, 2018 ; Fang et al, 2018 ; Uche et al, 2022b ).…”