“…Research shows that EU politicization has grown (at different paces) across much of the European Union, often prompted by the growing transfer of powers to European institutions, political and economic crises (such as the Great Recession, the Refugee crisis, Brexit), as well as elections and referendums (Börzel and Risse, 2018;De Bruycker, 2017;De Wilde and Zürn, 2012;Kriesi, 2016;Schmidt, 2019;Statham and Trenz, 2015;Turnbull-Dugarte, 2020). Once again, political parties and the media are thought to have played a prominent role in the increasing polarization and salience of the EU issue over time (Bellamy and Kröger, 2016;Braun et al, 2016;Bressanelli et al, 2020;Carrieri, 2020;Costa Lobo and Karremans, 2018;De Bruycker, 2017;Grossman et al, 2019;Hoeglinger, 2016;Hurrelmann et al, 2020;Hutter et al, 2016;Hutter and Kerscher, 2014;Risse, 2014).…”