Revisiting the La Niña 1998 phytoplankton blooms in the equatorial Pacific

Gorguès, Thomas; Menkès, Christophe E.; Slemons, Lia; Aumont, Olivier; Dandonneau, Yves; Radenac, Marie-Hélène; Alvain, Séverine; Moulin, C.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.12.008

Cited by 34 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In addition, modeling work by Gorgues et al . [] found that while a sustained increase in iron supply from the NGCU increased phytoplankton bloom in the eastern Pacific, a variable iron source dependent on NGCU strength did not change the temporal variability, initiation, or intensity of the bloom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A large component of EUC water originates in the western Pacific, where water masses converge near the equator and then flow eastward, ultimately transporting cold, nutrient‐rich, and CO 2 ‐rich waters to the surface of the central and eastern Pacific [ Fine et al ., ; Gorgues et al ., ; Slemons et al ., ]. Numerical simulations [e.g., Goodman et al ., ] show that low‐latitude western boundary currents (LLWBCs) are the principal contributors to the EUC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[] both examined the time‐mean composition of EUC waters. However, EUC composition may be modulated on seasonal to interannual scales [ Gorgues et al ., ; Ryan et al ., ]. On seasonal timescales, changes to the trade winds and convergence zones produce equatorial Kelvin and Rossby waves that lead to a westward propagation of EUC current anomalies but an eastward propagation of thermocline depth anomalies [ Wang et al ., ; Yu and McPhaden , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in the origins and pathways of Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent water

2015

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The Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) transports water originating from a number of distinct source regions, eastward across the Pacific Ocean. It is responsible for supplying nutrients to the productive eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Of particular importance is the transport of iron by the EUC; the limiting nutrient in that region. Although the mean circulation and sources of EUC water are reasonably well understood, it is unclear how the contribution of water from these sources to the EUC vary on seasonal to interannual timescales. Here a Lagrangian analysis is applied to the eddy-resolving OFAM3 ocean simulation in order to identity variability in the makeup of the EUC over an 18 year period (1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010). While ENSO has an influence on the variability of source transport contributions to the EUC, the signal of increased (decreased) transport of water from the LLWBCs during El Niño (La Niña) periods does not translate to substantial changes in the makeup of the EUC between 165 E and 140 W. It is hypothesized that this is due to the large spread in travel times of water parcels as they travel from the source regions into the EUC. The consequent erosion of transport anomalies generated at the different western boundary source regions associated with ENSO may help explain why previous studies found little relationship between variability in iron fluxes off Papua New Guinea shelves and the chlorophyll response in the eastern tropical Pacific.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in the origins and pathways of Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent water

2015

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“…The PHYSAT approach relies on the identification of specific signatures in the normalized water leaving radiance (nLw) spectra measured by an ocean color sensor (Alvain et al, , 2008, thereby enabling the identification of nanoeukaryotes, haptophytes (a major component of the nanoflagellates), Synechococcuslike cyanobacteria, diatoms, Prochlorococcus, Phaeocystis-like phytoplankton, and coccolithophorids. The PHYSAT method has been successfully validated with phytoplankton in situ data and extensively used by many authors (e.g., Bopp et al, 2005;Arnold et al, 2010;D'Ovidio et al, 2010;Gorgues et al, 2010;Masotti et al, 2010Masotti et al, , 2011Alvain et al, 2012Alvain et al, , 2013Belviso et al, 2012;Demarcq et al, 2012;De Monte et al, 2013;Hashioka et al, 2013;Ben Mustapha et al, 2014;Thyssen et al, 2015). Navarro et al (2014) later proposed a regionalized version of the algorithm for the Mediterranean Sea (Figure 1), the PHYSAT-Med, using the MODIS era (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) for identification of nanoeukaryotes, Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus-like cyanobacteria and diatoms, which was compared with more than 3,000 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in situ measurements (see Table 3 in Navarro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Major Mediterranean Phytoplankton Groups from Remote Sensing OC-CCI Data

et al. 2017

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During the last two decades, several satellite algorithms have been proposed to retrieve information about phytoplankton groups using ocean color data. One of these algorithms, the so-called PHYSAT-Med, was developed specifically for the Mediterranean Sea due to the optical peculiarities of this basin. The method allows the detection from ocean color images of the dominant Mediterranean phytoplankton groups, namely nanoeukaryotes, Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, diatoms, coccolithophorids, and Phaeocystis-like phytoplankton. Here, we present a new version of PHYSAT-Med applied to the Ocean Colour-Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) database. The OC-CCI database consists of a multi-sensor, global ocean-color product that merges observations from four different sensors. This retuned version presents improvements with respect to the previous version, as it increases the temporal range (since 1998), decreases the cloud cover, improves the bias correction and a validation exercise was performed in the NW Mediterranean Sea. In particular, the PHYSAT-Med version has been used here to analyse the annual cycles of the major phytoplankton groups in the Mediterranean Sea. Wavelet analyses were used to explore the spatial variability in dominance both in the time and frequency domains in several Mediterranean sub-regions, such as the Alboran Sea, Ligurian Sea, Northern Adriatic Sea, and Levantine basin. Results extended the interpretation of previously detected patterns, indicating the dominance of Synechococcus-like vs. prochlorophytes throughout the year at the basin level, and the predominance of nanoeukaryotes during the winter months. The method successfully reproduced the diatom blooms normally detected in the basin during the spring season (March to April), especially in the Adriatic Sea. According to our results, the PHYSAT-Med OC-CCI algorithm represents a useful tool for the spatio-temporal monitoring of dominant phytoplankton groups in Mediterranean surface waters. The successful applications of other regional ocean color algorithms to the OC-CCI database will give rise to extended time series of phytoplankton functional types, with promising applications to the study of long-term oceanographic trends in a global change context.

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“…phytoplankton growth during the bloom (24), while high iron levels do not control the onset of the bloom (25). Earth system models (ESMs) that include a representation of the iron-nitrate colimitation within their ocean biogeochemical model reproduce the NPP-SST variations and processes linking changes in the physical ocean to ecosystem productivity (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

Multiyear predictability of tropical marine productivity

Séférian

Bopp

Gehlen

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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With the emergence of decadal predictability simulations, research toward forecasting variations of the climate system now covers a large range of timescales. However, assessment of the capacity to predict natural variations of relevant biogeochemical variables like carbon fluxes, pH, or marine primary productivity remains unexplored. Among these, the net primary productivity (NPP) is of particular relevance in a forecasting perspective. Indeed, in regions like the tropical Pacific (30°N-30°S), NPP exhibits natural fluctuations at interannual to decadal timescales that have large impacts on marine ecosystems and fisheries. Here, we investigate predictions of NPP variations over the last decades (i.e., from 1997 to 2011) with an Earth system model within the tropical Pacific. Results suggest a predictive skill for NPP of 3 y, which is higher than that of sea surface temperature (1 y). We attribute the higher predictability of NPP to the poleward advection of nutrient anomalies (nitrate and iron), which sustain fluctuations in phytoplankton productivity over several years. These results open previously unidentified perspectives to the development of science-based management approaches to marine resources relying on integrated physical-biogeochemical forecasting systems.forecast | ecosystem management | marine biogeochemistry

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Revisiting the La Niña 1998 phytoplankton blooms in the equatorial Pacific

Cited by 34 publications

References 59 publications

Variability in the origins and pathways of Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent water

Variability in the origins and pathways of Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent water

Reproduction of Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Major Mediterranean Phytoplankton Groups from Remote Sensing OC-CCI Data

Multiyear predictability of tropical marine productivity

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