Revisiting sulfur Kuznets curves with endogenous breaks modeling: Substantial evidence of inverted-Us/Vs for individual OECD countries

Liddle, Brantley; Messinis, George

doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2015.04.012

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…[54][55][56][57] The most widely used single indicator for environmental pollution is CO 2 emission. 58 As an alternative to CO 2 emission, a wide variety of single measure indicators have been used to represent environmental damage, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), 59,60 sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), [61][62][63] industrial waste, 64 water pollution, 65 threatened species, 66 and deforestation. 67 There are also studies that use several single variables to enhance the context of the research.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of ecological footprint in MINT countries

Doğan

Taşpınar

Gökmenoğlu

2019

Energy & Environment

205

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Environmental Kuznets curve literature mostly uses a single indicator as a measure for environmental degradation. However, each single variable captures only a part of the environmental problem, and a reduction in any single measure does not indicate that the environmental problem is diminishing in general. Our study is the first one which investigates the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for the Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey (MINT) countries by employing the ecological footprint as the measure of environmental degradation. Autoregressive distributed lag results indicate that the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is valid for each of the MINT countries for the period of 1971-2013. The long-run coefficients of our augmented environmental Kuznets curve model show that fossil fuel energy consumption, exports, urbanization, and financial development are the most common causes of anthropogenic pressure on the environment. The effects of exports and imports are negative and positive on environmental degradation, respectively. The long-run coefficients of urbanization, financial development, and renewable energy consumption differ at certain levels for the sampled countries. The results of the analysis point to a number of different policy proposals for each country.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of ecological footprint in MINT countries

Doğan

Taşpınar

Gökmenoğlu

2019

Energy & Environment

205

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“…Some of the studies, however, have ignored the possibility of an N-shaped EKC as they have not included the cubic term in estimations. Studies, for example, of Culas ( 2012 ), Zhang et al ( 2016 ) and Liddle and Messinis ( 2015 ) fall into this category. Liddle and Messinis ( 2015 ), however, confirmed EKC for Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and the USA out of 25 OECD countries.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions in Baltic countries: an empirical investigation

Kar

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Recognizing the factors responsible for the gradual increase in greenhouse gas [e.g. carbon dioxide (CO2)] emissions is crucial to reduce the detrimental consequences on environmental sustainability and human life. Accordingly, spotting the sectors which contribute the most to CO2 emissions and dampen economic growth have become one of the major concerns for policymakers around the globe. Against this background, this paper examines the nexus between economic growth and CO2 emissions in three Baltic countries namely Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Thus, the study basically checks the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis by taking into account the role of energy consumption and financial development over the period of 1990–2018. This type of study is highly important for the region in order to comply with the commitments of the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The study first employs appropriate testing procedures and second-generation panel data methods to account for cross-sectional dependency and slope heterogeneity among countries. Applying unit roots and cointegration tests, the study then employed different mean group estimation models and heterogeneous panel causality methods suitable for cross-sectionally dependent and heterogeneous panels. The results of the econometric analyses reveal that the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis does not hold in the Baltic countries. But the pollution haven hypothesis is evidenced to hold for these nations. By boosting the CO2 emissions figures, again, the study also revealed that higher levels of energy consumption exhibit adverse environmental consequences. Financial development is found to be effective in explaining the variations in the CO2 emission figures of the selected countries as well. Causality test results confirm bi-directional causality between economic growth and CO2 emissions, energy use and CO2 emissions, CO2 emissions and financial development, energy use and economic growth as well as between energy use and financial development. Furthermore, country-specific impacts are found to be similar to the corresponding panel estimates. Consistent with the findings, the study finally puts forward some policy-level suggestions. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Baltic countries need to move away from fossil-fuel dependent energy consumption growth policies to mitigate environmental degradation.

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“…None of the tests proposed consider unit root presence or absence when possible structural breaks (such as shifts or trend changes) exist under both the null and alternate hypotheses. The problem is under active consideration [52][53][54].…”

Section: Proposed Tests and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ruling assumptions are (a) that there is at most one exogenous structural change (b) in a multivariable model, that only one exhibits unit root. In either of these cases other tests are preferred [54]. Here, we are testing a single variable with intervals bounded by breaks within which we have already detected exactly one break, whilst others may be below a detectability threshold.…”

Section: Zivot-andrews Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Testing and Characterization of Change Points in Climate Time Series

Ricketts¹,

Jones²

2021

Recent Advances in Numerical Simulations

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This paper applies misspecification (M-S) testing to the detection of abrupt changes in climate regimes as part of undertaking severe testing of climate shifts versus trends. Severe testing, proposed by Mayo and Spanos, provides severity criteria for evaluating statistical inference using probative criteria, requiring tests that would find any flaws present. Applying M-S testing increases the severity of hypothesis testing. We utilize a systematic approach, based on well-founded principles that combines the development of probative criteria with error statistical testing. Given the widespread acceptance of trend-like change in climate, especially temperature, tests that produce counter-examples need proper specification. Reasoning about abrupt shifts embedded within a complex times series requires detection methods sensitive to level changes, accurate in timing, and tolerant of simultaneous changes of trend, variance, autocorrelation, and red-drift, given that many of these measures may shift together. Our preference is to analyse the raw data to avoid pre-emptive assumptions and test the results for robustness. We use a simple detection method, based on the Maronna-Yohai (MY) test, then re-assess nominated shift-points using tests with varied null hypotheses guided by M-S testing. Doing so sharpens conclusions while avoiding an over-reliance on data manipulation, which carries its own assumptions.

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Revisiting sulfur Kuznets curves with endogenous breaks modeling: Substantial evidence of inverted-Us/Vs for individual OECD countries

Cited by 26 publications

References 47 publications

Determinants of ecological footprint in MINT countries

Determinants of ecological footprint in MINT countries

Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions in Baltic countries: an empirical investigation

Severe Testing and Characterization of Change Points in Climate Time Series

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