Revisiting “Success”: Posttrial Analysis of a Gender-Specific HIV/STD Prevention Intervention

Dworkin, Shari L.; Exner, Theresa M.; Melendez, Rita M.; Hoffman, Susie; Ehrhardt, Anke Α.

doi:10.1007/s10461-005-9023-0

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The same held true in a previous post-trial qualitative analysis from this trial (Dworkin, Exner, Melendez, Hoffman, & Ehrhardt, 2006). These results may be reflective of longstanding debates about placebo effects in control groups within clinical trials (Djulbegovic, 2001, Newman, Browner, Cummings, & Hulley 2001Parsons, 1974), and shed light on the specifics of how and why control groups change.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Sexual Scripts of Women: A Longitudinal Analysis of Participants in a Gender-Specific HIV/STD Prevention Intervention

2006

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Project FIO (The Future Is Ours) was a three arm randomized controlled HIV prevention intervention trial carried out with heterosexually-active women in a high sero-prevalence area of New York City. The trial was effective and women in the eight-session intervention arm were significantly more likely to report decreased unsafe sex or no unsafe sex compared to controls at one month and one year post-intervention. The current investigation was a qualitative analysis of women's sexual scripts at baseline and one year follow-up for a randomly selected subsample of participants in Project FIO. We examined the domains of sexual initiation, pace setting, sexual decision-making, communication about sexual needs, and the timing of condom introductions in the experimental and control arms at baseline and one year follow-up. At one year follow-up, among both the experimental and control arms, results showed changes away from maledominated and toward female-dominated sexual initiation and sexual decision-making. Among both the experimental and control arms, results also showed that trial participants shifted from a late condom introduction (right before intercourse) toward much earlier mention of condoms (e.g. during a date). The fact that shifts in sexual scripts at one year follow-up occurred in both groups is likely reflective of the degree to which a lengthy assessment interview facilitated comfort with

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Sexual Scripts of Women: A Longitudinal Analysis of Participants in a Gender-Specific HIV/STD Prevention Intervention

2006

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“…To be asked about one's sexual behaviors in such a detailed and systematic format would have been a very unusual experience for these men (Gale 2004). The uniqueness of the interview experience, as well as the half-day of HIV education we provided in the control intervention, may have led control participants to become more attentive to the national HIV prevention campaign and may have stimulated them to reduce their risk behaviors (Dworkin et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Prevention Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk among Angolan Soldiers

et al. 2008

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We developed and evaluated a military-focused HIV prevention intervention to enhance HIV risk-reduction knowledge, motivation, and behaviors among Angolan soldiers. Twelve bases were randomly assigned to HIV prevention or control conditions, yielding 568 participants. HIV prevention participants received training in preventing HIV (4.5 days) and malaria (0.5 days). Control participants received the reverse. Monthly booster sessions were available after each intervention. We assessed participants at baseline, 3 and 6 months after the training. HIV prevention participants reported greater condom use and less unprotected anal sex at 3 months, as well as greater HIV-related knowledge and perceived vulnerability at 3 and 6 months. Within-group analyses showed HIV prevention participants increased condom use, reduced unprotected vaginal sex, and reduced numbers of partners at both follow-ups, while control participants improved on some outcomes at 3 months only. A military-focused HIV prevention intervention may increase HIV-related knowledge, motivation, and risk reduction among African soldiers.

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“…The increasing large body of research on gender scripting justifies this type of approach (e.g. Dworkin, Exner, Melendez, Hoffman, & Ehrhardt, 2006;Ortiz-Torres, Williams, & Ehrhardt, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Readiness for HIV Testing among Young People in Northern Nigeria: The Roles of Social Norm and Perceived Stigma

Babalola

2006

AIDS Behav

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This study examined the predictors of readiness for HIV testing among young people in northern Nigeria, paying special attention to the role of stigma. Stigma is measured at two levels: individual and community (social norm). There are commonalities and differences in the correlates of readiness among men and women. For men and women, knowledge about HIV prevention, knowledge about a source for VCT, discussion about condom use for HIV prevention and perceived risk are strong predictors. Knowledge that an apparently healthy person can be HIV-infected is only significant for women. Perceived stigma is a significant predictor for both men and women although the specific dimension of note differs between the sexes. Social norm is strongly and directly associated with readiness among men but has no apparent influence among women. For both sexes, social norm appears to have strong mediating influence on the relationship between personal perceived stigma and readiness. The results strongly suggest that to eliminate HIV-related stigma, it is not enough to target individual cognitive processes; strategic efforts should target social structures in order to change negative social norms.

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Revisiting “Success”: Posttrial Analysis of a Gender-Specific HIV/STD Prevention Intervention

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Sexual Scripts of Women: A Longitudinal Analysis of Participants in a Gender-Specific HIV/STD Prevention Intervention

Sexual Scripts of Women: A Longitudinal Analysis of Participants in a Gender-Specific HIV/STD Prevention Intervention

Evaluation of a Prevention Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk among Angolan Soldiers

Readiness for HIV Testing among Young People in Northern Nigeria: The Roles of Social Norm and Perceived Stigma

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