Revisiting clientelism: A network analysis of problem-solving networks in Argentina

Szwarcberg, Mariela

doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2011.12.003

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Finally, we expect a similar pattern to obtain with regard to alternative hypotheses that focus on organized political and apolitical networks (Calvo & Murillo, 2013;Levitsky, 2003;Szwarcberg, 2012a). Individuals who tend to be joiners of formal civil society organizations (including political parties) are more likely to be targets, we suspect, partly because they are "movers and shakers" in their communities-people who wield some degree of informal interpersonal influence.…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Among other labels, partisan networks are variously referred to as "problemsolving networks" (Auyero, 2000, p. 57; see also Levitsky, 2003;Nichter & Peress, 2014;Szwarcberg, 2012a), "a loyal network of supporters" (Hicken, 2011, p. 297), and, in Japan, kōenkai networks (Scheiner, 2006). Among other labels, partisan networks are variously referred to as "problemsolving networks" (Auyero, 2000, p. 57; see also Levitsky, 2003;Nichter & Peress, 2014;Szwarcberg, 2012a), "a loyal network of supporters" (Hicken, 2011, p. 297), and, in Japan, kōenkai networks (Scheiner, 2006).…”

Section: Authors' Notementioning

confidence: 99%

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Clientelism as Persuasion-Buying

Schaffer

Baker

2015

Comparative Political Studies

101

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In distributing clientelistic payoffs to citizens, the best strategy a party machine can pursue, we argue, is to target citizens who are opinion-leading epicenters in informal conversation networks. This persuasion-buying strategy carries the highest potential yield for the party because the payoff can create a social multiplier: The effect of the clientelistic gift can be magnified via the conversion of multiple voters within a payoff recipient's personal networks. Using crosssectional survey data from 22 Latin American countries and a panel survey from Mexico, we confirm that individuals who engage in frequent political persuasion and who are located in large political discussion networks are the most likely recipients of clientelistic payoffs. We also show that a finding that is key to previous theories, namely, that loyal partisans are the most likely targets of clientelism, is driven by omitted-variable and endogeneity bias.What type of citizen is the most likely to receive clientelistic payoffs from party machines in the developing world? A lively scholarly debate exists around the question of which citizen traits attract the attention of machine

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Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Authors' Notementioning

confidence: 99%

Clientelism as Persuasion-Buying

Schaffer

Baker

2015

Comparative Political Studies

101

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“…In this form of politics, it is common practice that citizens rely on influential local brokers to solve day‐to‐day problems and then electorally reciprocate these services. Szwarcberg (, 231), for instance, defines “clientelism [as] a problem solving network where brokers solve voter problems by providing material and nonmaterial resources in exchange of political support.” Similarly, Stokes et al (2013, 106) underscore the importance of problem fixing in Argentina where one‐third of survey respondents say they would rely on an influential person if they were “facing a grave family problem related to a job or health,” while only 8% of the respondents say that they have received direct handouts from the brokers.…”

Section: Empirical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insider–Outsider Theory of Popular Tolerance for Corrupt Politicians

Chang

Kerr

2016

Governance

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This article addresses the puzzle of electoral support for corrupt politicians in emerging democracies by examining citizens’ varying attitudes toward political corruption. We make an important theoretical distinction between perceptions of and tolerance for corruption, and argue that these different attitudes vary across individuals depending on whether they are political insiders or outsiders. We test our theory using Afrobarometer survey data from 18 sub‐Saharan African countries and find that individuals included within clientelistic networks simultaneously perceive corruption as ubiquitous and are more tolerant of malfeasance. Meanwhile, those individuals with partisan or ethnic ties to the incumbent are less likely to consider corruption as widespread. Finally, we explore whether variation in attitudes toward corruption influences citizens’ voting behavior, and find that insiders are less likely to “vote the rascals out.”

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“…Así, instituciones como la iglesia protestante de Colindres, la agrupación de testigos de Jehová o Cáritas sirven como plataformas para la construcción de diferentes redes sociales a través de las cuales los jóvenes -sobre todo los de origen extranjero-comparten información sobre empleos, se apoyan en el cuidado de niños, se asesoran sobre diferentes trámites administrativos relacionados sobre todo con la adquisición de la nacionalidad española, o se prestan dinero (Szwarcberg, 2012). Merche describe nítidamente la formación de estas redes cuando le preguntamos por "las listas del pescado": "Si tú quieres trabajar, tú tienes que ir a esa empresa a apuntarte.…”

Section: El Primer Empleo Y Sucesivos: La Articulación De Las Decisiounclassified

Between Planning and Improvisation: Precarioused Educational and Labor Paths of Youth in Cantabria, Spain

González-Fuente

Ortega

2017

ATHENEAD

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El objetivo principal de este artículo es describir e interpretar algunos de los procesos a través de los cuales las personas incorporan de forma naturalizada y legíti-ma disposiciones laborales favorecedoras del proyecto neoliberal. Los autores consideran que un marco privilegiado para estudiar tales procesos es la etapa biográ-fica de transición de la vida escolar al mercado laboral. La investigación se desarrolla en el municipio cántabro de Colindres entre 2013 y 2015 bajo una metodología propia de la antropología. Se seleccionan estudiantes de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria que tienen unas características contextuales y formativas similares. Se concluye con una reflexión acerca de la manera en que los jóvenes aceptan mecanismos laborales precarios y flexibles. En este caso, se trata de procesos planeados y/o improvisados en los que la familia y las redes comunitarias acaban dando lugar al adulto requerido por el sistema: un trabajador precarizado y consumidor de baja intensidad. Palabras clave Juventud Trayectorias laborales Precariedad España Abstract Keywords Youth Labor Paths Precariousness SpainThe purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze some of the processes through which people acquire labor dispositions working for the neoliberal project promotion in a natural and legitimate way. The authors consider that school-to-work transitions are a preferred framework in order to study such processes. The research takes place in a village of Cantabria (Spain) from 2013 to 2015. We develop the investigation through an anthropological methodology. The authors conclude by discussing how the young people impose upon themselves precarious and flexible labor mechanics. We have found that family and close community establish a framework in which young people learn how to face up to their precarious labor experiences without conflict both in a planned way and in an improvised way. Finally, the labor marketplace obtains what it needs: an adult who makes his own free decisions as a precarioused worker and a low-level consumer. González-Fuente; Iñigo & Pérez-Ortega, Isabel (2017). Entre la planeación y la improvisación: trayectorias formativo-laborales precarizadas de la juventud en Cantabria, España. Athenea Digital, 17(3), https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.1823 IntroducciónEl neoliberal es sin duda el proyecto económico, político e ideológico que, proveniente de algunos grupos de las clases dominantes de diversos países, mayor impacto ha tenido y sigue teniendo en la vida cotidiana de millones de personas. Es más, destacando el hecho de que se trata de un proyecto contradictorio en su formulación -rechaza el intervencionismo del estado en los mercados al mismo tiempo que su existencia en forma de práctica política depende de la intervención de los gobiernos nacionales-, su 199

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Revisiting clientelism: A network analysis of problem-solving networks in Argentina

Cited by 33 publications

References 6 publications

Clientelism as Persuasion-Buying

Clientelism as Persuasion-Buying

An Insider–Outsider Theory of Popular Tolerance for Corrupt Politicians

Between Planning and Improvisation: Precarioused Educational and Labor Paths of Youth in Cantabria, Spain

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