Revisiting carotenoids as dietary antioxidants for human health and disease prevention

寺尾, 純二

doi:10.1039/d3fo02330c

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 268 publications

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“…Carotenoids are natural fat-soluble pigments found in plants, and their provitamin A and antioxidant activities benefit human health [ 86 ]. Thiamine and riboflavin are engaged in a variety of crucial metabolic pathways in the body [ 82 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Nutritional Properties of Different Germplasms of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Lu,

Zhang,

Kang

et al. 2024

Foods

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Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, an edible resource and medical material, is mainly consumed as a food in China. However, few published studies have comprehensively assessed its nutritional components. In this study, the proximate, carbohydrate, and dietary fiber contents as well as the mineral, vitamin, and amino acid compositions of five sources of P. cyrtomena grown in Yuhang district, Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, were investigated. The nutritional profile of the five germplasms was investigated using analytical chemistry methods. All germplasms had a low starch content and contained greater amounts of carbohydrates (23.25–34.29%), protein (2.96–5.40%), Ca (195.08–282.08 mg/100 g), Fe (29.68–59.37 mg/100 g), and vitamin C (60.49–149.86 mg/100 g) in comparison to ginger, yam, and potatoes. The polysaccharide content ranged from 16.92% to 28.48%, representing the main source of carbohydrates. Fructose, a desirable sweetener, was the most abundant monosaccharide, representing 1.06% to 4.88% of the content. P. cyrtonema was found to be high in dietary fiber, with pectin and resistant starch being the major soluble components and hemicellulose being the dominant insoluble dietary fiber. A correlation analysis (CA) revealed significant correlations for the carbohydrate components and dietary fiber fractions with other nutrients. A principal component analysis (PCA) identified significant differences between the nutritional characteristics of the five germplasms, with Huanggang having the highest comprehensive quality scores. Moreover, ten nutrient components were selected as potential indicators that could be used to further evaluate the nutritional quality of P. cyrtomena. Our results demonstrate the rich nutrient composition and characteristics of P. cyrtonema and provide a valuable reference for the future development and utilization of Polygonatum.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Nutritional Properties of Different Germplasms of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Lu,

Zhang,

Kang

et al. 2024

Foods

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“…Cocoa powder, chocolate, wine and tea (especially green tea) are high in total flavonoids ( 23 – 25 ). Both carotenoids and flavonoids are reported to reduce the risk of non-communicable disease, notably CVD and type 2 diabetes ( 26 – 30 ). Both clinical and observational studies have also pointed to beneficial effects of consuming whole berries, juices, and anthocyanin extracts on reducing diabetes and CVD risks ( 31 – 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel Nutrient Rich Food (NRFa11.3) score uses flavonoids and carotenoids to identify antioxidant-rich spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruit

Drewnowski

2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionNutrient profiling (NP) models designed to evaluate the healthfulness of plant-based foods ought to incorporate bioactive phytochemicals. Herbs and spices are one food group of current interest.MethodsTwo new versions of the well-established Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) index were applied to spices, herbs, vegetables, fruit, and other plant-based foods. Analyses used the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) SR-28 nutrient composition database merged with the USDA Expanded Flavonoid database 3.3. The NRF4.3 model was based on protein, fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. The NRFa11.3 model was based on micronutrients with reported antioxidant activity (vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, copper, and zinc), carotenoids (alpha and beta carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein/zeaxantin) and flavonoids. Saturated fat, added sugar, and sodium were nutrients to limit. The NRF algorithm was based on sums of percent daily values (%DVs) capped at 100%.ResultsThe NRF4.3 model awarded high scores to herbs and spices, cocoa powder, and nuts, but did not discriminate well among vegetables and fruit. The NRFa11.3 model performed better. Green leafy, red orange and cruciferous vegetables had the highest carotenoid content. Highest in flavonoids were cocoa powder, herbs and spices, and berries. Highest combined NRFa11.3 values were observed for herbs and spices, green leafy vegetables, cocoa, nuts, and red-orange and cruciferous vegetables.DiscussionFresh and dry herbs and spices, often ignored by NP models, were particularly nutrient-rich and may provide non-negligible amounts of key phytonutrients to the human diet.

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“…The gavage dose of LUT was set at 100 mg per kg (BW per day), 16 the gavage dose of EGCG was set at 500 mg per kg (BW per day), and the ratio between LUT and EGCG was referred from the previous study. 18 LUT was dissolved in soybean oil, and EGCG was dissolved in water to prepare the corresponding concentration solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Dietary supplementation of LUT can prevent or delay the development of ocular inflammatory diseases such as AMD and RP, by protecting the retina from ischemia/hypoxia damage through antioxidant, antiinflammatory and blue light absorption properties. 15,16 Recently, Zhang et al have found that an LUT dose of 200 mg kg −1 promoted the survival of photoreceptors in mice, and increased the expression of rhodopsin in rod cells and the expression of opsin in cone cells. Further research found that LUT delayed photoreceptors by exerting anti-inflammatory effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lutein combined with EGCG improved retinitis pigmentosa against N-methyl-N nitrosourea-induced

Jing,

Nie,

Wang

et al. 2023

Food Funct.

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Revisiting carotenoids as dietary antioxidants for human health and disease prevention

Abstract: Humans are unique indiscriminate carotenoid accumulators, so the human body accumulates a wide range of dietary carotenoids of different types and to varying concentrations. Carotenoids were once recognized as physiological...

Cited by 33 publications

References 268 publications

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Nutritional Properties of Different Germplasms of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Nutritional Properties of Different Germplasms of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

A novel Nutrient Rich Food (NRFa11.3) score uses flavonoids and carotenoids to identify antioxidant-rich spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruit

Lutein combined with EGCG improved retinitis pigmentosa against N-methyl-N nitrosourea-induced

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