Revisions of the international criteria for neuroblastoma diagnosis, staging, and response to treatment.

Gm, Brodeur; Pritchard, Jon; Berthold, Frank; Carlsen, Niels; Castel, Victoria; Castelberry, R P; Bernardi, Bruno; Evans, Audrey E.; Favrot, M.; Hedborg, Fredrik

doi:10.1200/jco.1993.11.8.1466

Cited by 2,048 publications

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“…Neuroblastoma (NB), the most frequent extracranial solid tumour of childhood, arises from the neural crest, and the prognosis for patients presenting with disseminated disease at diagnosis is poor despite multimodal aggressive therapy (Brodeur et al, 1993).…”

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Low-dose interferon-γ-producing human neuroblastoma cells show reduced proliferation and delayed tumorigenicity

et al. 2004

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Interferon-g (IFN-g) directs T helper-1 cell differentiation and mediates antitumour effects in preclinical models. However, high-dose IFN-g is toxic in vivo, and IFN-g-transfected neuroblastoma (NB) cells secreting high amounts of the cytokine may be lost due to cell apoptosis or differentiation. Two human NB cell lines (ACN and SK-N-BE2(c)) differing as to genetic and phenotypic features were transfected with the human IFN-g gene and selected on the grounds of the low concentrations of IFN-g produced. In both IFN-gtransfected cell lines, autocrine and paracrine activation of IFN-g-mediated pathways occurred, leading to markedly reduced proliferation rate, to increased expression of surface HLA and CD40 molecules and of functional TNF binding sites. ACN/IFN-g cells showed a significantly delayed tumorigenicity in nude mice as compared to parental cells. ACN/IFN-g tumours were smaller, with extensive necrotic area as a result of a damaged and defective microvascular network. In addition, a significant reduction in the proliferation index was observed. This is the first demonstration that IFN-g inhibits in vivo proliferation of NB cell by acting on the tumour cell itself. This effect adds to the immunoregulatory and antiangiogenic activities operated by IFN-g in syngeneic tumourbearing hosts.

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Low-dose interferon-γ-producing human neuroblastoma cells show reduced proliferation and delayed tumorigenicity

et al. 2004

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“…The MYCN copy number was determined by Southern blot analysis. Patients were staged according to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) (Brodeur et al, 1993). Patients were treated according to protocols described previously Rubie et al, 1997).…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuroblastomas (NB) and neuroblastic tumours (NT) are the most common extracranial malignant tumours in childhood (Brodeur et al, 1993). These embryonal malignancies derived from the sympathoadrenal lineage of the neural crest show a wide spectrum of differentiation, maturation and organization of neuroblasts and Schwann cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Thus, at one end of the spectrum there are undifferentiated NT or NB and at the other end there are the fully differentiated, mature NT or ganglioneuromas (GN), passing through transitional states or ganglioneuroblastomas (GNB) . Most patients with localized NT can be cured with minimal treatment (Brodeur et al, 1993), whereas, in contrast, children over the age of 1 year with widely disseminated disease usually have a fatal outcome (Brodeur et al, 1993;Coze et al, 1997). The spontaneous differentiation and regression of NB reported in some infants is a salient and a unique feature in human oncology (Brodeur et al, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Most patients with localized NT can be cured with minimal treatment (Brodeur et al, 1993), whereas, in contrast, children over the age of 1 year with widely disseminated disease usually have a fatal outcome (Brodeur et al, 1993;Coze et al, 1997). The spontaneous differentiation and regression of NB reported in some infants is a salient and a unique feature in human oncology (Brodeur et al, 1993). This differentiation/regression phenomenon is similar to programmed cell death as described in the normal development of the sympathetic nervous system (Kogner, 1995) and has been demonstrated to be a valuable target for therapeutic use (Matthay et al, 1999).…”

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Galanin and galanin receptor expression in neuroblastic tumours: correlation with their differentiation status

et al. 2002

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Neuroblastoma and its benign differentiated counterpart, ganglioneuroma, are paediatric neuroblastic tumours arising in the sympathetic nervous system. Their broad spectrum of clinical virulence is mainly related to heterogeneous biologic background and tumour differentiation. Neuroblastic tumours synthesize various neuropeptides acting as neuromodulators. Previous studies suggested that galanin plays a role in sympathetic tissue where it could be involved in differentiation and development. We investigated the expression and distribution of galanin and its three known receptors (Gal-R1, Gal-R2, Gal-R3) in 19 samples of neuroblastic tumours tissue by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and fluorescent-ligand binding. This study provides clear evidence for galanin and galanin receptor expression in human neuroblastic tumours. The messengers coding for galanin, Gal-R1 and -R3 were highly expressed in neuroblastoma and their amount dramatically decreased in ganglioneuroma. In contrast, Gal-R2 levels remained unchanged. Double labelling studies showed that galanin was mainly coexpressed with its receptors whatever the differentiation stage. In neuroblastic tumours, galanin might promote cell-survival or counteract neuronal differentiation through the different signalling pathways mediated by galanin receptors. Finally, our results suggest that galanin influences neuroblastoma growth and development as an autocrine/paracrine modulator. These findings suggest potential critical implications for galanin in neuroblastic tumours development.

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Effect of Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplant vs Single Transplant on Event-Free Survival in Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma

Park

Kreissman

London

et al. 2019

JAMA

255

319

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chemotherapy followed by high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplant and subsequent antidisialoganglioside antibody immunotherapy is standard of care for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma, but survival rate among these patients remains low. OBJECTIVE To determine if tandem autologous transplant improves event-free survival (EFS) compared with single transplant. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Patients were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial from November 2007 to February 2012 at 142 Children's Oncology Group centers in the United States, Canada, Switzerland, Australia, and New Zealand. A total of 652 eligible patients aged 30 years or younger with protocol-defined high-risk neuroblastoma were enrolled and 355 were randomized. The final date of follow-up was June 29, 2017, and the data analyses cutoff date was June 30, 2017. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive tandem transplant with thiotepa/cyclophosphamide followed by dose-reduced carboplatin/etoposide/melphalan (n = 176) or single transplant with carboplatin/etoposide/melphalan (n = 179). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was EFS from randomization to the occurrence of the first event (relapse, progression, secondary malignancy, or death from any cause). The study was designed to test the 1-sided hypothesis of superiority of tandem transplant compared with single transplant. RESULTS Among the 652 eligible patients enrolled, 297 did not undergo randomization because they were nonrandomly assigned (n = 27), ineligible for randomization (n = 62), had no therapy (n = 1), or because of physician/parent preference (n = 207). Among 355 patients randomized (median diagnosis age, 36.1 months; 152 [42.8%] female), 297 patients (83.7%) completed the study and 21 (5.9%) were lost to follow-up after completing protocol therapy. Three-year EFS from the time of randomization was 61.6% (95% CI, 54.3%-68.9%) in the tandem transplant group and 48.4% (95% CI, 41.0%-55.7%) in the single transplant group (1-sided log-rank P=.006). The median (range) duration of follow-up after randomization for 181 patients without an event was 5.6 (0.6-8.9) years. The most common significant toxicities following tandem vs single transplant were mucosal (11.7% vs 15.4%) and infectious (17.9% vs 18.3%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients aged 30 years or younger with high-risk neuroblastoma, tandem transplant resulted in a significantly better EFS than single transplant. However, because of the low randomization rate, the findings may not be representative of all patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.

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Revisions of the international criteria for neuroblastoma diagnosis, staging, and response to treatment.

Abstract: Modifications of the INSS and INRC made at this conference are presented. In addition, proposals are made for future modifications in these criteria and for the development of International Neuroblastoma Risk Groups.

Cited by 2,048 publications

References 91 publications

Low-dose interferon-γ-producing human neuroblastoma cells show reduced proliferation and delayed tumorigenicity

Low-dose interferon-γ-producing human neuroblastoma cells show reduced proliferation and delayed tumorigenicity

Galanin and galanin receptor expression in neuroblastic tumours: correlation with their differentiation status

Effect of Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplant vs Single Transplant on Event-Free Survival in Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma

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