The Japanese species of the ichneumonid genus Stauropoctonus Brauns, are revised. As a result, three species are recognized. Stauropoctonus infuscus (Uchida, ) stat. rev., previously synonymized with S. bombycivorus (Gravenhorst, ), is recognized as a valid species and re‐described. Stauropoctonus bombycivorus, which has already been recorded in Japan, is also recognized and re‐described based on Japanese specimens. Stauropoctonus aurantiacus sp. nov. is described based on a single male specimen from Yakushima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Stauropoctonus nigrithorax Lee & Kim, syn. nov. is newly synonymized with S. bombycivorus. Additionally, a key to the Stauropoctonus species and discussions on their phenology and collection methods are provided.