Revision of the genus Gryposmylus Krüger, 1913 (Neuroptera, Osmylidae) with a remarkable example of convergence in wing disruptive patterning

Abstract

The charismatic lance lacewing genus Gryposmylus Krüger, 1913 (Osmylidae: Protosmylinae) from South East Asia is revised with a new species (Gryposmylus pennyi sp. n.) described from Malaysia. The genus is diagnosed and both species in the genus redescribed and figured. An extraordinary example of morphological convergence is presented, with disruptive camouflaging wing markings in Gryposmylus pennyi sp. n. being remarkably similar to the South American green lacewing Vieira leschenaulti Navás (Chrysopidae).

The phylogeny of lance lacewings (Neuroptera: Osmylidae)

“…Winterton, unpublished data), although the number of species is expected to increase, with new species present in collections. For instance, new species have been recently described from South America and Asia (Wang & Liu, , ; Ardila‐Camacho & Noriega, ; Martins et al ., ; Winterton & Wang, ).…”

New Philippine species of Spilosmylus Kolbe (Neuroptera, Osmylidae)

“…The monophyly of the first lineage is supported by the unbranched hind wing vein CuP (in contrast with a strongly pectinate hind wing CuP vein of other subfamilies). A close relationship between Protosmylinae and Spilosmylinae is supported by molecular data and by the presence of unique features in male and female genitalia, in particular the presence of a narrowly arching gonarcus (Winterton and Wang 2016; Winterton et al 2017). Spilosmylinae are recognizable due to the presence in the hind wing of a spur vein originating basal to the MP vein and of a basal sclerotised process on the mediuncus (Wang et al 2011; Winterton et al 2017).…”

“…Wang et al (2011), Winterton and Wang (2016) and Winterton et al (2017) used an updated version of the classical terminology of Tjeder (1957) and Adams (1969), based on comparisons and homology assessments across the whole family and with other Neuroptera. On the other hand, Aspöck and Aspöck (2008) proposed a different terminology, which was recently extensively applied to Osmylidae by Martins et al (2016).…”

Two new species of Thyridosmylus Krüger, 1913 from Madagascar (Neuroptera, Osmylidae)

“…Drawings were made under a light microscope. The terminology for wing venation and genitalia follows Winterton and Wang (2016) and Winterton et al (2017).…”