Revised stratigraphy and nomenclature for the Middle Pennsylvanian Kanawha Formation in southwestern West Virginia

Blake, Bascombe M.; Keiser, Alan F.; Rice, Charles L.

doi:10.1130/spe294-p41

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…316 Ma) and Glenshaw ( ca . 306 Ma) Formations are based on megafloral zones (Blake, 1997), chrono‐ and lithostratigraphic correlations in the central Appalachian basin (Gillespie & Pfefferkorn, 1979), and the timing of the Wanganui palaeomagnetic reversal (Opdyke et al , 2000). All stratigraphic thicknesses reported here are decompacted based on ratios established for nonmarine deposits of sandstone, shale/siltstone and coal (Nadon & Issler, 1997; Nadon, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burial and exhumation history of Pennsylvanian strata, central Appalachian basin: an integrated study

et al. 2005

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An inferred burial and exhumation history of Pennsylvanian strata in the central Appalachian foreland basin is constrained by integrating palaeothermometers, geochronometers and estimated palaeogeothermal gradients. Vitrinite reflectance data and fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures indicate that burial of Lower and Upper Pennsylvanian strata of the Appalachian Plateau in West Virginia exceeded ∼4.4 km during the late Permian and occurred at a rate of ∼100 m Myr−1. Exhumation rates of ∼10 m Myr−1 from the late Permian to the early Cretaceous are constrained using maximum burial conditions and published apatite fission track (AFT) ages. AFT and radiogenic helium ages indicate exhumation rates of ∼30–50 m Myr−1 from the early to late Cretaceous. Radiogenic helium dates and present day sampling depths indicate that exhumation rates from the late Cretaceous to present were ∼25 m Myr−1. Exhumation rates for Upper and Lower Pennsylvanian strata within the Appalachian Plateau are remarkably similar. Early slow exhumation was possibly driven primarily by isostatic rebound associated with Triassic rifting. The later, more rapid exhumation can be attributed to thermal expansion followed by lithospheric flexure related to sediment loading along the passive margin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burial and exhumation history of Pennsylvanian strata, central Appalachian basin: an integrated study

et al. 2005

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“…The transgression flooded widespread mires that were precursors to the underlying Matewan coal bed of West Virginia (investigated herein) and Manchester coal bed of eastern Kentucky. Because apparently contemporaneous and correlative stratigraphic sequences are observed in Europe, previous researchers have proposed a glacioeustatic origin to account for such a widespread transgression over multiple continents (e.g., Blake, 1997Blake, , 1998Blake et al, 1994;Chesnut, 1993). In this model, Milankovitch cycles forced changes in Gondwanan ice volumes and thus affected global sea levels, resulting in laterally extensive marine bands across the Euramerican Paleoequatorial Belt (Blake, 1997;Chesnut, 1993;Martino, 1996;Maynard and Leeder, 1992).…”

Section: The Betsie Shale Membermentioning

confidence: 98%

Re–Os age for the Lower–Middle Pennsylvanian Boundary and comparison with associated palynoflora

Geboy

Tripathy

Ruppert

et al. 2015

International Journal of Coal Geology

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The Betsie Shale Member is a relatively thick and continuous unit that serves as a marker bed across the central Appalachian basin, in part because it includes an organic-rich shale unit at its base that is observable in drill logs. Deposited during a marine transgression, the Betsie Shale Member has been correlated to units in both Wales and Germany and has been proposed to mark the boundary between the Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian Series within North America. This investigation assigns a new Re-Os date to the base of the Betsie and examines the palynoflora and maceral composition of the underlying Matewan coal bed in the context of that date. The Matewan coal bed contains abundant lycopsid tree spores along its base with assemblage diversity and inertinite content increasing upsection, as sulfur content and ash yield decrease. Taken together, these palynologic and organic petrographic results suggest a submerged paleomire that transitioned to an exposed peat surface. Notably, separating the lower and upper benches of the Matewan is a parting with very high sulfur content (28 wt.%), perhaps representing an early marine pulse prior to the full on transgression responsible for depositing the Betsie. Results from Re-Os geochronology date the base of the Betsie at 323 ± 7.8 Ma, consistent with previously determined age constraints as well as the palynoflora assemblage presented herein. The Betsie Shale Member is also highly enriched in Re (ranging from 319.7 to 1213 ng/g), with high 187 Re/ 188 Os values ranging from 3644 to 5737 likely resultant from varying redox conditions between the pore water and overlying water column during deposition and early condensing of the section.Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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“…This marine band is the one that occurs just above the Cedar Grove coal bed in Kanawha and Fayette Counties, W. Va., and has been correlated more recently with the Campbell Creek Limestone of I.C. White (1885) by Blake, Keiser, and Rice (1994, fig. 2).…”

Section: Appalachian Basinmentioning

confidence: 82%

The brachiopod Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from the upper Morrowan and Atokan (lower Middle Pennsylvanian) of the United States

Henry¹

1998

Professional Paper

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Primary type specimens and topotypes of the large, semireticulate productid, Productus inflatus var. coloradoensis (Girty), collected near Leadville, Colo., form the basis for the redescription of this species. The type locality, for the first time, is firmly established stratigraphically in upper Morrowan (lower Middle Pennsylvanian) rocks of the lower part of the Belden Shale. The identification and clarification of several previously poorly known physical features affirm assignment of Girty's species to the genus Antiquatonia Miloradovich, as currently restricted and understood. Detailed analysis of other collections of brachiopods assigned to A. coloradoensis and to related taxa confirms that the probable ancestor of A. coloradoensis is the lower and middle Morrowan A. morrowensis (Mather), which was described from the Ozarks region of northwestern Arkansas. One descendant of A. coloradoensis is A. hermosana (Girty), which is common in lower Desmoinesian strata of the southern Rocky Mountains and Paradox Basin. A descendant of A. hermosana may be A. portlockiana (Norwood and Pratten), which is common in uppermost middle and upper Desmoinesian strata in the Rocky Mountains and which is reported from Desmoinesian strata in the Midcontinent, Illinois Basin, and Appalachian Basin. However, the variability, taxonomy, and stratigraphic ranges of the species of Antiquatonia in the Desmoinesian of the eastern United States have not been resolved satisfactorily. The stratigraphic range of Antiquatonia coloradoensis extends from the upper part of the Morrowan Series through the Atokan Series. The known geographic range of this species extends from the Eastern Great Basin, through the southern Rocky Mountains, the southern and central Midcontinent area, to the eastern and southern Appalachian Basin. It is a moderately common to rare component of open-bay, shelf-lagoon, and shelf-margin marine facies.

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Revised stratigraphy and nomenclature for the Middle Pennsylvanian Kanawha Formation in southwestern West Virginia

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Burial and exhumation history of Pennsylvanian strata, central Appalachian basin: an integrated study

Burial and exhumation history of Pennsylvanian strata, central Appalachian basin: an integrated study

Re–Os age for the Lower–Middle Pennsylvanian Boundary and comparison with associated palynoflora

The brachiopod Antiquatonia coloradoensis (Girty) from the upper Morrowan and Atokan (lower Middle Pennsylvanian) of the United States

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