Reviews and syntheses: Biological Indicators of Oxygen Stress in Water Breathing Animals
Michael R. Roman,
Andrew H. Altieri,
Denise Breitburg
et al.
Abstract:Abstract. Anthropogenic warming and nutrient over-enrichment of our oceans have resulted in significant, and often catastrophic, reductions in dissolved oxygen (deoxygenation). Stress on water-breathing animals from this deoxygenation has been shown to occur at all levels of biological organization: cellular; organ; individual; species; population; community; and ecosystem. Most climate forecasts predict increases in ocean deoxygenation, thus it is essential to develop reliable biological indicators of oxygen … Show more
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