Reviewing the Status of Professional Commitment Principles in the Physician-Patient Communication Models

Abstract

<jats:p>Much attention is paid to the importance of the relationship between patients and physicians and the ethical issues that have been considered from different perspectives. Moreover, different models have been developed to establish such a relationship. In one of the most advanced methods, Emanuel EJ categorized 4 paternalistic -informative-interpretive models that have been agreed upon by many medical professionals. Each model has its characteristics and in the relationship between a patient and a practitioner, and to some extent, the professional commitment values (professionalism). In other words, the observance of the values of professionalism in each of these models has been based on the definitions of these principles; each is of particular importance, and individual attention has been paid to these values in different models. The present work aimed to evaluate each communication model according to the values of medical resource planning. Analyzing and adapting these models in terms of professional ethics could finally lead to analyzing the comparative approaches to professional commitment values.</jats:p>

Quality of Communication Questionnaire for Patients Hospitalized in Intensive and Palliative Care: Validity Evidence for Use in Brazil

“…9 Physicians should be respectful, and encounters should include welcoming; rapport-building; clear, accessible information sharing; consideration of patients' needs, expectations, perspectives, and experiences; shared therapeutic planning; and assurance of patient understanding. 10,11 Emotions should always be acknowledged and responded with empathy. 12,13 Systematic reviews on the effects of interventions to promote patient-centeredness or better interactions with patients have found strong evidence for increased patient-centeredness in encounters and moderate evidence for increased patient satisfaction, 14,15 increased patient adherence, better quality of life, and decreased depression.…”

Patient-physician communication in the emergency department in Taiwan: physicians’ perspectives

“…To understand the symptoms of patients in a timely manner, perform medical diagnoses, and administer treatment, the content of physician-patient communication was mainly task-focused, focusing on biomedical themes such as enquiring symptoms, explaining examination results, providing health education and medical advice, explaining the content and method of medication, and performing follow-ups and return visits, etc. [ 6 , 7 ]. The physicians often asked closed-ended questions beginning with “Have you,” “Will you,” and “Is it.” [ 2 , 4 , 8 ].…”

“…Due to the need for prompt treatment of patients’ diseases in the emergency department, there is a lack of socioemotional-oriented communication behaviors between emergency physicians and patients, and physicians fail to take into account the patients’ understanding of the communication content, nor attend to the patients’ feelings and needs, etc. [ 1 , 4 , 6 , 9 , 27 ]. Therefore, it is difficult to include patients in decision-making and for physicians to build trust with patients or their caregivers.…”

“…The former includes providing information, enquiring medical history, discussing treatment options, explaining an illness, examining the results, etc. [ 6 , 7 ]. Provision of information is the most common instrumental communication, accounting for 35.3%, followed by medical history inquiry, accounting for 23%, which mostly consists of closed-ended questions [ 8 ].…”

“…Emotional communication includes self-introduction, calling the patients by their name, giving encouragement and confidence, expressing friendliness, concern, empathy, etc. [ 6 , 9 ]. Calling the patients by their name is the most common form, accounting for 71.8% [ 9 ].…”