Reviewing the evidence for viruses as environmental risk factors for ALS: A new perspective

Celeste, Daniel B.; Miller, Matthew S.

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2018.04.010

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Epidemiological and clinical evidence for a connection between viral infection and ALS has been accumulating for decades (Celeste and Miller, 2018;Ravits, 2005;Vandenberghe et al, 2010). For example, it is known that individuals with a history of poliomyelitis have a higher risk of developing motor neuron disease later in life (Martyn et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Immune Response as a Trigger of FUS Proteinopathy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Shelkovnikova

Skelt

et al. 2019

Cell Reports

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Immune Response as a Trigger of FUS Proteinopathy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Shelkovnikova

Skelt

et al. 2019

Cell Reports

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“…Viruses have received longstanding attention as potential ALS triggers. But there is a need for multidisciplinary approaches bridging neurology and infectious diseases research to move the field forward in the future [16]. The role and association of CMV, HSV-1 and Epstein-Barr virus with cognitive functioning and risk of AD and dementia in the general population has been recently reviewed and reported [69,104].…”

Section: Role Of Viruses In Neurodegenerative Disorders and Dementiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of viruses, prions and miRNA in neurodegenerative disorders and dementia

et al. 2018

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Dementia is known as loss of cellular communications in the brain at a region caused by multi-factorial diseases and pathogenic infections. Approximately eighty percent reported cases of Alzheimer's disease are followed by vascular dementia. The common symptoms of dementia include memory loss, concentration problems, thinking, and language solving situations. Dementia is a multifactorial disease but based on latest research; various reports have been published describing the linkage and role of viruses, prions and miRNAs in neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative disorders resulting into dementia and due to this we selected to review and provide latest information related to dementia. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs carrying genetic regulatory information contributing to neurological disorders among human and animals. A prion is an infectious agent made of protein material. Recently, it has been reported that prions play a significant role in signaling processes, resulting in amyloidogenesis and neurological disorders. Viruses attack human immune system and central nervous system and affect classical pathways of neurodegenerative diseases. Comprehensive understandings of the expression profiles and activities of these miRNAs, Prions, Viruses will illuminate their roles as potential therapeutic targets in neurodegeneration and may lead to the discovery of breakthrough treatment strategies for neurodegenerative disorders and dementia. The provided information will further be significant not only in neuro-scientific research, but also in designing and development of management strategies for dementia.

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“…Viruses and toxins are considered potential environmental factors implicated in the motor neuron disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) [1][2][3]. With most ALS cases considered sporadic in nature, the search for gene-environment interactions in ALS has remained disappointingly elusive [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brain and spinal cord inflammation are a hallmark of ALS neuropathology (reviewed in [17,18]). Whether specific viruses have the capacity to cause ALS pathology, or if their role is predominantly as an inflammatory trigger is controversial [2]. Nonetheless, viruses have been repeatedly postulated to play a role in ALS due to the overlapping neuropathology of this disease with several infection models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-Inflammatory Signaling Upregulates a Neurotoxic Conotoxin-Like Protein Encrypted Within Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K

Curzio

Gurm

Turnbull

et al. 2020

Cells

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Motor neuron degeneration and spinal cord demyelination are hallmark pathological events in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Endogenous retrovirus-K (ERVK) expression has an established association with ALS neuropathology, with murine modeling pointing to a role for the ERVK envelope (env) gene in disease processes. Here, we describe a novel viral protein cryptically encoded within the ERVK env transcript, which resembles two distinct cysteine-rich neurotoxic proteins: conotoxin proteins found in marine snails and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Tat protein. Consistent with Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-induced retrotransposon expression, the ERVK conotoxin-like protein (CTXLP) is induced by inflammatory signaling. CTXLP is found in the nucleus, impacting innate immune gene expression and NF-κB p65 activity. Using human autopsy specimens from patients with ALS, we further showcase CTXLP expression in degenerating motor cortex and spinal cord tissues, concomitant with inflammation linked pathways, including enhancement of necroptosis marker mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein and oligodendrocyte maturation/myelination inhibitor Nogo-A. These findings identify CTXLP as a novel ERVK protein product, which may act as an effector in ALS neuropathology.

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Reviewing the evidence for viruses as environmental risk factors for ALS: A new perspective

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Antiviral Immune Response as a Trigger of FUS Proteinopathy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Antiviral Immune Response as a Trigger of FUS Proteinopathy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Role of viruses, prions and miRNA in neurodegenerative disorders and dementia

Pro-Inflammatory Signaling Upregulates a Neurotoxic Conotoxin-Like Protein Encrypted Within Human Endogenous Retrovirus-K

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