Review: Umbilical Cord Stem Cells

Azzopardi, Joseph I.; Blundell, Renald

doi:10.4236/scd.2018.81001

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Moreover, the ready availability of stem cells for transplantation purposes encourages their application for clinical purposes. For example, Azzopardi and Blundell [20] have reported in their review article on umbilical cord stem cells that these cells can serve as a source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation. Jinhui Shen, et al [21] also reported that peritoneal dialysis effluents can serve as a novel source of hematopoietic stem cells.…”

Section: Stem Cell Toxicity and Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cell Dynamics and Cytoceuticals for Therapeutics and Toxicity Screening: A Review

A¹,

Okolo²,

Bassi³

et al. 2020

Insights Stem Cell Res Ther

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Section: Stem Cell Toxicity and Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem Cell Dynamics and Cytoceuticals for Therapeutics and Toxicity Screening: A Review

A¹,

Okolo²,

Bassi³

et al. 2020

Insights Stem Cell Res Ther

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“…Regenerative medicine (RM) is an emerging field focusing on conservative, non-operative treatment for various disorders, including TMJ disorders. RM treatments involve biologics derived from perinatal tissues, including umbilical cord (UC) ( 7 ). UC derivatives, including UC blood and Wharton's jelly, contain various types of stem cells, including MSCs ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allogenic umbilical cord tissue for temporomandibular joint injuries

Aratikatla,

Ghandour,

Maffulli

et al. 2023

Front. Pain Res.

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The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is crucial for functions of daily living such as mastication and articulation. Common TMJ issues include osteoarthritis, internal derangement, and myofascial pain dysfunction. Conservative methods such as physical therapy and medications are used, with surgical options such as arthroscopy and replacement for severe cases. Emerging regenerative medicine explores non-surgical treatments using human stem cells from umbilical cord derivatives, showing potential for tissue regeneration in TMJ disorders. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, aiming to identify relevant articles published in English until August 2023. The search used specific terms to target in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies on umbilical cord (UC)-derived tissue and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating TMJ disorders. The search was extended to three clinical trial registries for on-going investigations related to UC tissue and MSCs for TMJ disorder management. The studies included in this article report the safety and efficacy profiles of allogenically acquired, umbilical cord-derived tissues and associated mesenchymal stem cells for temporomandibular joint ailments, future adequately powered, randomized controlled trials are warranted to conclusively justify the clinical use of this biologic therapy.

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“…The umbilical cord derives from the yolk sac and contains two arteries, one vein, and a gelatinous substance composed of sulfated proteoglycans with collagenous fibers; known as Wharton’s jelly [ 11 ]. The umbilical cord was found to have great proportions of stem cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first successful stem cell transplant was from umbilical cord blood cells on a 6-year-old-boy with Fanconi anemia in 1988 [ 12 ]. Low immunogenicity, low risk of graft versus host disease, and ease of cell collection are major advantages of using cells derived from the umbilical cords [ 11 ]. Umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stem cell (UCT-MSC) has been used in recent studies to determine their safety and clinical efficacy [ 13 – 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and imaging outcomes after intrathecal injection of umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral palsy: a randomized double-blind sham-controlled clinical trial

et al. 2021

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Background This study assessed the safety and efficacy of intrathecal injection of umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stem cells (UCT-MSC) in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed to evaluate the alterations in white-matter integrity. Methods Participants (4–14 years old) with spastic CP were assigned in 1:1 ratio to receive either UCT-MSC or sham procedure. Single-dose (2 × 107) cells were administered in the experimental group. Small needle pricks to the lower back were performed in the sham-control arm. All individuals were sedated to prevent awareness. The primary endpoints were the mean changes in gross motor function measure (GMFM)-66 from baseline to 12 months after procedures. The mean changes in the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), pediatric evaluation of disability inventory (PEDI), and CP quality of life (CP-QoL) were also assessed. Secondary endpoints were the mean changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of corticospinal tract (CST) and posterior thalamic radiation (PTR). Results There were 36 participants in each group. The mean GMFM-66 scores after 12 months of intervention were significantly higher in the UCT-MSC group compared to baseline (10.65; 95%CI 5.39, 15.91) and control (β 8.07; 95%CI 1.62, 14.52; Cohen’s d 0.92). The increase was also seen in total PEDI scores (vs baseline 8.53; 95%CI 4.98, 12.08; vs control: β 6.87; 95%CI 1.52, 12.21; Cohen’s d 0.70). The mean change in MAS scores after 12 months of cell injection reduced compared to baseline (−1.0; 95%CI −1.31, −0.69) and control (β −0.72; 95%CI −1.18, −0.26; Cohen’s d 0.76). Regarding CP-QoL, mean changes in domains including friends and family, participation in activities, and communication were higher than the control group with a large effect size. The DTI analysis in the experimental group showed that mean FA increased (CST 0.032; 95%CI 0.02, 0.03. PTR 0.024; 95%CI 0.020, 0.028) and MD decreased (CST −0.035 × 10-3; 95%CI −0.04 × 10-3, −0.02 × 10-3. PTR −0.045 × 10-3; 95%CI −0.05 × 10-3, −0.03 × 10-3); compared to baseline. The mean changes were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusions The UCT-MSC transplantation was safe and may improve the clinical and imaging outcomes. Trial registration The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03795974).

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Review: Umbilical Cord Stem Cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Stem Cell Dynamics and Cytoceuticals for Therapeutics and Toxicity Screening: A Review

Stem Cell Dynamics and Cytoceuticals for Therapeutics and Toxicity Screening: A Review

Allogenic umbilical cord tissue for temporomandibular joint injuries

Clinical and imaging outcomes after intrathecal injection of umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stem cells in cerebral palsy: a randomized double-blind sham-controlled clinical trial

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