Review: Rhenium and its smelting and recycling technologies

Yagi, Ryohei; Okabe, Toru H

doi:10.1177/09506608241229042

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 186 publications

(426 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The world's annual production of rhenium is up to 75 tons, the vast majority of which is recovered from so-called primary raw materials, and only ~8 tons are produced from recycling [1, 10,11]. The main manufacturers of rhenium from recycling are countries such as the USA, Canada, Germany, Czechia and Poland [1,12]. Rhenium recycling was much greater in 2014-2015, generating 13 tons/year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Rhenium from Superalloys and Manganese from Spent Batteries to Produce Manganese(II) Perrhenate Dihydrate

Leszczyńska-Sejda,

Palmowski,

Ochmański

et al. 2024

Recycling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work presents the research results on the development of an innovative, hydrometallurgical technology for the production of manganese(II) perrhenate dihydrate from recycled waste. These wastes are scraps of Ni-based superalloys containing Re and scraps of Li–ion batteries containing Mn—specifically, solutions from the leaching of black mass. This work presents the conditions for the production of Mn(ReO4)2·2H2O. Thus, to obtain Mn(ReO4)2·2H2O, manganese(II) oxide was used, precipitated from the solutions obtained after the leaching of black mass from Li–ion batteries scrap and purified from Cu, Fe and Al (pH = 5.2). MnO2 precipitation was carried out at a temperature < 50 °C for 30 min using a stoichiometric amount of KMnO4 in the presence of H2O2. MnO2 precipitated in this way was purified using a 20% H2SO4 solution and then H2O. Purified MnO2 was then added alternately with a 30% H2O2 solution to an aqueous HReO4 solution. The reaction was conducted at room temperature for 30 min to obtain a pH of 6–7. Mn(ReO4)2·2H2O precipitated by evaporating the solution to dryness was purified by recrystallization from H2O with the addition of H2O2 at least twice. Purified Mn(ReO4)2·2H2O was dried at a temperature of 100–110 °C. Using the described procedure, Mn(ReO4)2·2H2O was obtained with a purity of >99.0%. This technology is an example of the green transformation method, taking into account the 6R principles.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Rhenium from Superalloys and Manganese from Spent Batteries to Produce Manganese(II) Perrhenate Dihydrate

Leszczyńska-Sejda,

Palmowski,

Ochmański

et al. 2024

Recycling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The high affinity of perrhenate anions (ReO 4 − ) for functionalized resins makes the ion exchange method a promising approach for selective separation from bearing solutions, outperforming other methods such as precipitation and solvent extraction [ 12 ]. A variety of resins have been used for Re separation, and they can be reactivated and reused multiple times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinked Polydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride Adsorbent for the Selective Separation of Rhenium Ions from Pregnant Leach Solutions

Fathi,

Mahmoudian,

Alorro

et al. 2024

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The depletion of valuable mineral reserves has rendered effluents generated from mining and industrial processing activities a promising resource for the production of precious elements. The synthesis and improvement of new adsorbents to extract valuable compounds from industrial wastes and pregnant leach solutions, besides increasing wealth, can play a significant role in reducing environmental concerns. In this work, a new and low-cost adsorbent for the selective extraction of rhenium (perrhenate ions, ReO4−) was synthesized by the free-radical polymerization (FRP) of a diallyl dimethylammonium chloride monomer (quaternary amine) in the presence of a crosslinker. Various methods were employed to characterize the polymeric adsorbent. The results revealed that the designed polymeric adsorbent had a high surface area and pores with nano-metric dimensions and a pore volume of 6.4 × 10−3 cm3/g. Four environments—single, binary, multicomponent, and real solutions—were applied to evaluate the adsorbent’s performance in the selective separation of Re. Additionally, these environments were used to understand the behavior of molybdenum ions, the primary competitors of perrhenate ions in the ion exchange process. In competitive conditions, using variations in qe,mix/qe, an antagonism phenomenon (qe,mix/qe < 1) occurred due to the inhibitory effect of surface-adsorbed molybdenum ions on the binding of the perrhenate ions. However, across all conditions, the separation values for Re were higher than those for the other studied elements (Mo, Cu, Fe).

show abstract

Review: Rhenium and its smelting and recycling technologies

Cited by 2 publications

References 186 publications

Recycling of Rhenium from Superalloys and Manganese from Spent Batteries to Produce Manganese(II) Perrhenate Dihydrate

Recycling of Rhenium from Superalloys and Manganese from Spent Batteries to Produce Manganese(II) Perrhenate Dihydrate

Crosslinked Polydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride Adsorbent for the Selective Separation of Rhenium Ions from Pregnant Leach Solutions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About