Review: Prevalence of Addictions among Transgender and Gender Diverse Subgroups

Ruppert, Ryan; Kattari, Shanna K.; Sussman, Steve

doi:10.3390/ijerph18168843

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…The current lack of measurement and reporting of sample gender information [85] makes it difficult to know for example whether trans and/or nonbinary individuals were included and whether the authors assessed sex assigned at birth (suggested by the use of "male"/ "female" terminology) or gender identity ("men"/ "women" terminology). More transparent and rigorous reporting of gender and inclusion of more than one gender and sexual orientation group in studies on PPU is especially important when we consider that these person characteristics have been shown to interact with other behavioral addictions as well as substance abuse [86][87][88]. An issue complicating the integration of findings across experiments is the diversity of stimuli.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward Responsiveness, Learning, and Valuation Implicated in Problematic Pornography Use — a Research Domain Criteria Perspective

et al. 2022

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Purpose of Review Problematic pornography use (PPU) describes a pattern of behavior characterized by excessive time spent using or thinking about pornography and continued use despite negative consequences. To help advance the understanding of transdiagnostic underlying psychological and neurobiological mechanisms in PPU, we aim to review existing evidence on these mechanisms focusing on positive valence systems within the transdiagnostic Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework. Recent Findings Reward anticipation processes seem to be increased in individuals with PPU symptoms when they anticipate sexual stimuli compared with other rewards. Studies further suggest that the initial neural and attentional responses to sexual rewards compared with different control stimuli are also increased in individuals with PPU symptoms, as are conditioned responses in sexual reward learning paradigms. Sexual reward valuation studies point towards an increased neural value differentiation with increasing PPU symptoms. Summary The current state of evidence indicates that positive valence systems are altered in persons with PPU. This framework of organizing evidence may aid in elucidating PPU development and maintenance as well as planning future studies.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward Responsiveness, Learning, and Valuation Implicated in Problematic Pornography Use — a Research Domain Criteria Perspective

et al. 2022

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“…Although gender-affirming health care improves the well-being of transgender (trans) individuals (ie, transgender, nonbinary, those with culturally specific identities, and others), trans patients continue to report frequent discriminatory and unskilled treatment in health care spaces . These experiences are associated with suicidality, substance use, and other negative outcomes . Consequently, trans patients sometimes withhold gender-related information to avoid discrimination .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgender Patient Preferences When Discussing Gender in Health Care Settings

Harner,

Moore,

Casillas

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceTransgender (trans) patients report frequent discriminatory and harmful experiences in health care settings; gender-affirming, competent health care improves trans individuals’ health and well-being.ObjectiveTo identify factors influencing trans patients’ decision-making regarding sharing gender-related information with providers (clinicians, health care organizations, health care systems) and trans patient preferences for gender-related questions, as well as the subsequent impact on health care experiences.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA qualitative, interpretivist phenomenological study was conducted via telephone or video (using Zoom) in English and Spanish from August 10 to September 11, 2020. Participants were recruited via trans-specific social media groups and email listservs. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed from October 2020 to January 2022 using thematic analysis by a majority trans research team.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSemistructured interviews explored patient health care experiences and preferences.ResultsParticipants included 27 trans and/or nonbinary adults (mean [SD] age, 30.9 [10.4] years; range, 21-69 years) from 13 US states. Four themes were identified: (1) impact of provider behaviors, (2) engaging in relational risk assessment, (3) receiving affirming vs medically competent care, and (4) “how are you going to fit [me] into your system?” The first theme reflected the impact of provider actions, including level of flexibility in care and interpersonal interactions, ability to explain medical relevance of gender-related questions, and preparedness to work with trans patients. Second, respondents weighed a variety of implicit or explicit safety cues when deciding whether and how to share information with providers. Third, participants spoke at length about affirming and medically competent care, noting that they have had to prioritize one over the other. Last, participants reported their needs often being at odds with health care system norms and standards of care.Conclusion and RelevanceIn this qualitative study of trans patient preferences when discussing gender-related information with providers, it was found that equitable, gender-affirming, and competent health care requires flexibility and responsiveness to patient preferences. It requires provider humility and engagement, as well as institutional policies that support competent and gender-affirming spaces. Future research could identify additional roles that providers, administrators, and systems can play in ensuring competent care for trans patients.

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“…Transgender women have a disproportionately high HIV prevalence when compared to other high-risk groups (HRGs), including MSM and sexual partners of people living with HIV. This is thought to be linked to high-risk sexual activities such as commercial sex work and unprotected receptive anal intercourse [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Assessment Among Personnel Working In Community-Led Development Programme Settings Regarding Sexualized Substance Use

Marik¹,

Mahajan²,

Sarkar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Sexualized substance use (SSU) is the practice of psychotropic substance usage, before or during sexual intercourse in order to increase sexual pleasure and arousal. It has a strong association with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The present study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the community health mobilizers about SSU through qualitative approach. Methodology: In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with a total of nineteen community health mobilizers engaged in counselling of sexualized substance users. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire with socio-demographic information and probes related to SSU was administered. Informed consent was taken from each participant prior to data collection. Results: Gender-wise distribution indicated that 47% of the community mobilizers are men, followed by transgender persons (32%), and women (21%). Responses of participants highlighted that alcohol consumption was the most observed form of SSU. The findings indicated that drug administration through injection was most common, followed by sniffing and swallowing. Sources of drug procurement enlisted by participants included peddlers, peer groups, sexual parties, medical and liquor stores. Only 63% of participants had fair knowledge about STIs such as HIV, viral hepatitis, syphilis, and gonorrhoea. All were familiar with the administration of naloxone injections and the locations of nearby hospitals where patients could be transported in the event of an overdose. Conclusions: This formative research demonstrated a knowledge gap in the community mobilizers regarding the latest substances of abuse, such as designer drugs, drug procurement sources, and various health issues associated with SSU. However, they were well aware of the drug overdose-related complications and basic first-aid procedures. The findings of the current study should be validated through multi-centric community-based research across the country.

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Review: Prevalence of Addictions among Transgender and Gender Diverse Subgroups

Cited by 33 publications

References 68 publications

Reward Responsiveness, Learning, and Valuation Implicated in Problematic Pornography Use — a Research Domain Criteria Perspective

Reward Responsiveness, Learning, and Valuation Implicated in Problematic Pornography Use — a Research Domain Criteria Perspective

Transgender Patient Preferences When Discussing Gender in Health Care Settings

A Qualitative Assessment Among Personnel Working In Community-Led Development Programme Settings Regarding Sexualized Substance Use

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