Review: Pathogenesis of Graves' Disease: Role of the Long-acting Thyroid Stimulator

McKenzie, J. M.

doi:10.1210/jcem-25-3-424

Cited by 50 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, mothers who are hypothyroid or euthyroid after partial thyroidectomy may give birth to affected infants as high levels of TSIg may persist after successful treatment (McKenzie, 1965). We encountered three such infants in 36 patients ( Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulins of Graves's Disease in Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis

Munro

Dirmikis

Humphries

et al. 1978

BJOG

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Summary Graves's disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism, a diffuse, uniform enlargement of the thyroid gland and marked eye signs. It is now widely believed that the thyroid overactivity of Graves's disease is a result of the presence in the circulation of abnormal thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIg). TSIg are transferred from mother to fetus and cause neonatal thyrotoxicosis in around 1 per cent of babies born to mothers who have a history of Graves's disease. Because TSIg may persist in the maternal circulation after successful treatment of Graves's disease by partial thyroidectomy, neonatal thyrotoxicosis may occur in babies born to mothers who have been euthyroid throughout pregnancy. In our study, 9 of 12 examples of neonatal thyrotoxicosis encountered in 96 pregnancies occurred in babies born to mothers who were thought to be thyrotoxic at some stage during the pregnancy. Two main categories of TSIg are recognized: the long‐acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) and LATS‐protector (LATS‐P) both of which were assayed in maternal serum samples withdrawn during the third trimester. Levels in maternal and cord blood were similar. The critical level of TSIg causing neonatal thyrotoxicosis appeared to be 10 units/ml and above 20 units/ml the babies were always thyrotoxic at birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulins of Graves's Disease in Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis

Munro

Dirmikis

Humphries

et al. 1978

BJOG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another possibility has been raised correlating autoimmune disease with trisomy-21 (Mellon, Pay, and Green, 1963;Fialkow, 1966). Graves' disease is frequently associated with longacting thyroid stimulator, an immunoglobulin (McKenzie, 1965;Beall and Solomon, 1966;Carneiro, Dorrington, and Munro, 1966 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%