Review on the Design and Scientific Aspects for Drencher Systems in Different Countries

Ng, Candy M.Y.; Chow, Wan Ki

doi:10.1080/00038628.2002.9696948

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As reported earlier on the retail shops by Ng and Chow (2002) about 70 to 80% of transmitted radiant heat intensity from the fire zone to the protected zone can be reduced by a water curtain. To avoid the huge amount of radiant heat being transmitted, double water curtain might be considered.…”

Section: Compartmentationsupporting

confidence: 54%

Proposed fire safety strategy on airport terminals

Ng¹,

Chow²

2005

IJRAM

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Fire safety strategy for airport terminals will be proposed in this paper. The local airport terminal is taken as an example. Special features of airport terminals will be outlined. The retail areas are identified as places with higher fire risk. Standards, codes and design guidelines used overseas are reviewed and compared with the local codes. Based on the study, fire safety strategy is suggested to have four parts:• passive building construction for fire safety• active fire protection systems or fire services installation• fire safety management• control of risk factors.All four parts will be discussed in this paper. Suggestions are made to give a fire safe airport terminal.

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Section: Compartmentationsupporting

confidence: 54%

Proposed fire safety strategy on airport terminals

Ng¹,

Chow²

2005

IJRAM

Self Cite

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“…Rahkonen [11,12] proposed that the heat stress caused by temperature difference on the glass surface was the main reason for glass fracture. The heat can be isolated by covering the glass surface with a water film via a sprinkler system, which protects the glass from being damaged [13][14][15]. Wu et al [16,17] verified through experiments that a water film could prevent glass from breaking in the event of fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Protection Effect of Sprinklers on Glass by Fire Scale in Building Fires

Gui

Wang²,

Jiang³

et al. 2022

Fire

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Window sprinklers are commonly used to protect glass, but there is a lack of research on the effect of fire scale on protection. In this study, full-scale experiments on sprinkler-protected glass in building fires were carried out. The experimental process was simulated using CFD numerical simulation software (FDS), and the effect of the heat release rate on the protection effect was revealed based on the glass surface temperature and heat insulation efficiency. It was found that in a full-size compartment fire, the window sprinkler was able to protect the glass from being damaged by high-temperature smoke. The numerical simulation could effectively simulate the spray distribution pattern of a window sprinkler as well as the gas temperature evolution, and the simulation results matched well with the full-size experiments. The window surface temperatures all decreased rapidly and increased linearly with the HRR after the window sprinkler was activated. The steady-state window center temperatures were 40 °C, 60 °C and 76 °C when the HRR was 2 MW, 4 MW and 6 MW, respectively. The window center temperature was less than the critical temperature of glass breakage, indicating that the window sprinkler could protect the glass from fire damage well, within the fire scale of 6 MW. The thermal insulation efficiency in the edge region was slightly lower than that in the center of the window. In the range of 2 to 6 MW, there was no significant correlation between the thermal insulation efficiency and the HRR, and the thermal insulation efficiency was in the range of 54% to 59%.

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“…Richardson and Chown 16 found that the minimum sprinkler water flow rates to prevent dry spots from forming on the glass appear to be 70-90 L min 21 m 21 width, but lower flow rates may provide sufficient protection. 17 Ng and Chow 18 summarized the design and scientific aspects for drencher systems in different countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal breakage and fallout behaviors of non-tempered glass under the effect of water film

Wang

Shao

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Fire Sciences

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Delayed activation of the sprinkler or water film system may accelerate the crack and fallout process of the heated glass when encountered in a fire. A series of tests were conducted to investigate the thermal breakage and fallout behavior of a non-tempered glass fac xade with down-flowing water films. The most widely used non-tempered glass, low emissivity coated glass (Low-E), and float glass were studied in this work. An n-heptane pool fire was employed to heat up the glass panes and the water film was acted when the maximum glazing temperature reached the different designed values. The results illustrate that water film has little influence on the fracture behavior of float glass. However, the water film does accelerate the crack and fallout process of Low-E glass significantly when the glazing temperature is over 70°C. This is because large thermal stress is generated inside the glass due to the continuous cooling of the cold water film, which exceeds the ultimate tensile stress of glass. The water film also has a large impact on the crack propagation and fallout ratio of the glass panes.

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Review on the Design and Scientific Aspects for Drencher Systems in Different Countries

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Proposed fire safety strategy on airport terminals

Proposed fire safety strategy on airport terminals

Study on the Protection Effect of Sprinklers on Glass by Fire Scale in Building Fires

Thermal breakage and fallout behaviors of non-tempered glass under the effect of water film

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