Review on space weather in Latin America. 1. The beginning from space science research

Denardini, Clezio Marcos; Dasso, S.; González-Esparza, A.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2016.03.012

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…Denardini et al (2016a, b) also published a review of this subject and the regional efforts that have been made to build a magnetometer network as well as provide some information on Fabry-Pérot interferometers, ionosonde, and all-sky imagers, installed over Latin America, and their importance in improving the space weather forecast in this region. The data collected by most of the instruments of the Figure 1 shows the map with the magnetometer stations in South America (for more details about the magnetic stations, see Denardini et al, 2015Denardini et al, , 2016a. This set of data was chosen based on the availability of the data and due to the presence of a moderated geomagnetic storm that occurred on 15 March 2003, as can be identified in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of <i>H</i> component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

2018

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Abstract. The geomagnetic field in the Brazilian sector is influenced by the South American Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA) that causes a decrease in the magnitude of the local geomagnetic field when compared to other regions in the world. Thus, the magnetometer network and data set of space weather over Brazil led by Embrace are important tools for promoting the understanding of geomagnetic fields over Brazil. In this sense, in this work we used the H component of geomagnetic fields obtained at different sites in South America in order to compare results from the phase coherence obtained from wavelet transform (WT). Results from comparison between Cachoeira Paulista (CXP) and Eusébio (EUS), and Cachoeira Paulista and São Luis (SLZ), indicated that there exist some phenomena that occur simultaneously in both locations, putting them in the same phase coherence. However, there are other phenomena putting both locations in a strong phase difference as observed between CXP and Rio Grande, Argentina (RGA). This study was done for a specific moderate geomagnetic storm that occurred in March 2003. The results are explained in terms of nonlinear interaction between physical phenomena acting in distinct geographic locations and at different times and scales. Keywords. Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism (time variations – diurnal to secular)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of <i>H</i> component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

2018

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“…These aurora reports and magnetic observations in 1859 together with the papers of the 1789 aurora can be considered as the first space weather observations in the history of Mexico. It would take more than a century afterward to initiate the basis of the space physics studies in Mexico (Denardini et al, ) and eventually the creation of a space weather service (González‐Esparza et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of Low‐Latitude Red Aurora in Mexico During the 1859 Carrington Geomagnetic Storm

González-Esparza

Cuevas-Cardona

2018

Space Weather

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One of the most intense geomagnetic storm that has been documented in recent history occurred on 1 September 1859. This storm is known as the Carrington Event. In the morning of 1 September at around 11:15 UT, Richard Carrington and Richard Hodgson observed in England, independently and for the first time, an intense white light solar flare. About 17 hr after this solar event, there occurred the strongest geomagnetic perturbation ever recorded as well as a greatly extended red aurora, which covered unusually at low latitudes. The red auroral display on 2 September was reported in regions where this kind of phenomena is very rare, like in Cuba and Hawaii. Until now however, it was not known to scientists that the low‐latitude red aurora is also registered in Mexico. At that time, Mexico was in a civil war, and there were very difficult conditions in where to establish astronomical and magnetic observatories. Nevertheless, the geomagnetic storm was observed with a maximum intensity between 7:00 and 8:00 UTC and was reported to a Mexican newspaper from five different locations (Mexico City, Querétaro, Guadalajara, Hidalgo, and Guanajuato) and registered also from at least in two additional sites (Michoacán and San Luis Potosí) in other historical documents. These records confirm that the Carrington geomagnetic storm was a global event with planetary repercussions, and that the Mexican low‐latitude region is susceptible to significant effects associated with intense space weather events.

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“…At the same time, due to growing awareness in the public and private sectors on the threats related to space weather, GIMs and also regional GNSS‐based TEC maps have become one of the many products employed in forecasting, nowcasting, and characterizing severe events (e.g., Bobrinsky et al, ; Moulin et al, ; Orús et al, ). In Latin America the interest on space weather studies have also increased, particularly in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru (Denardini et al, , , ; Hysell et al, ; Valladares & Chau, ). Currently, the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais through the program Estudo e Monitoramento Brasileiro do Clima Espacial (EMBRACE/INPE, Brazil) and the Instituto de Geofísica from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (IGF/UNAM, Mexico), in support to the Laboratorio Nacional de Clima Espacial (LANCE, Mexico), are routinely producing regional GNSS‐based TEC maps in order to assimilate them into space weather forecasting models (Gonzalez‐Esparza et al, ; Takahashi et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi‐GNSS, Multifrequency, and Near‐Real‐Time Ionospheric TEC Monitoring System for South America

2019

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Taking advantage of the public Global Navigational Satellite Systems (GNSS) infrastructure in South America, an operational monitoring system for the total electron content (TEC) in the ionosphere has been developed. It incorporates data in near real time, from more than 90 GNSS satellites tracked by more than 200 ground stations. In turn, the system produces every 15 min a snapshot, that is a map, of the current state of the regional ionosphere, which is immediately available online. These maps could be employed, for example, to augment positioning with single‐frequency GNSS receivers. They could also be combined with similar products in order to obtain weighted and reliable regional TEC maps, even in near real time. Most importantly, these products could be employed as data input in space environment forecasting and nowcasting models, given their very short latency of just a few minutes. In order to assess the response of the whole system to severe geomagnetic disturbances, the performance of the whole monitoring system during an actual geomagnetic storm has been investigated. The results suggest that the near‐real‐time system should be quite capable to monitor the regional TEC at a high temporal rate even under such conditions.

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Review on space weather in Latin America. 1. The beginning from space science research

Cited by 11 publications

References 224 publications

Comparison of <i>H</i> component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

Comparison of <i>H</i> component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

Observations of Low‐Latitude Red Aurora in Mexico During the 1859 Carrington Geomagnetic Storm

A Multi‐GNSS, Multifrequency, and Near‐Real‐Time Ionospheric TEC Monitoring System for South America

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Review on space weather in Latin America. 1. The beginning from space science research

Cited by 11 publications

References 224 publications

Comparison of &lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt; component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

Comparison of &lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt; component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

Observations of Low‐Latitude Red Aurora in Mexico During the 1859 Carrington Geomagnetic Storm

A Multi‐GNSS, Multifrequency, and Near‐Real‐Time Ionospheric TEC Monitoring System for South America

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Comparison of <i>H</i> component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America

Comparison of <i>H</i> component geomagnetic field time series obtained at different sites over South America