Review on recent progress of lead-free halide perovskites in optoelectronic applications

Li, Jiabao; Duan, Jialong; Yang, Xiya; Duan, Yanyan; Yang, Peizhi; Tang, Qunwei

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105526

Cited by 147 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…Moreover, chronic exposure to Pb causes severe lesions in kidney, liver, lung and spleen. This aspect is already an obstacle foreseeing large scale manufacturing of perovskite-based photovoltaic devices but is even more pressing for photocatalytic application [ 22 ]. In fact, in this case an intimate contact of the active material and the reaction media is present, thus in conditions where leakages into the ambient could easily happen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites for Hydrogen Evolution from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2021

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Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) exploitation represents the next big frontier in photovoltaic technologies. However, the extraordinary optoelectronic properties of these materials also call for alternative utilizations, such as in solar-driven photocatalysis, to better address the big challenges ahead for eco-sustainable human activities. In this contest the recent reports on MHPs structures, especially those stable in aqueous solutions, suggest the exciting possibility for efficient solar-driven perovskite-based hydrogen (H2) production. In this minireview such works are critically analyzed and classified according to their mechanism and working conditions. We focus on lead-free materials, because of the environmental issue represented by lead containing material, especially if exploited in aqueous medium, thus it is important to avoid its presence from the technology take-off. Particular emphasis is dedicated to the materials composition/structure impacting on this catalytic process. The rationalization of the distinctive traits characterizing MHPs-based H2 production could assist the future expansion of the field, supporting the path towards a new class of light-driven catalysts working in aqueous environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites for Hydrogen Evolution from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2021

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“…For this reason, more environmentally friendly compounds containing different metals (e.g., Sn, Ge, In, Bi, Sb) are of crucial importance for the future development of perovskite-based technology. (Swarnkar et al, 2017;Creutz et al, 2018;Ju et al, 2018;Sun et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2018;Fan et al, 2020;Li et al, 2021). Tin-halide perovskites seem to be a promising alternative to their lead-based counterparts, however they suffer from a severe chemical instability that heavily affects their physical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Optical Tuning of Lead-Free Cs2SnX6 (X = I, Br) Perovskite Nanocrystals by Ligand Engineering

et al. 2021

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In order to overcome the toxicity of lead halide perovskites, in recent years the research has focused on replacing lead with more environmentally friendly metals like tin, germanium, bismuth or antimony. However, lead-free perovskites still present instability issues and low performances that do not make them competitive when compared to their lead-based counterparts. Here we report the synthesis of lead-free Cs2SnX6 (X = Br, I) nanostructures of different shapes by using various surface ligands. These compounds are a promising alternative to lead halide perovskites in which the replacement of divalent lead (Pb(II)) with tetravalent tin (Sn(IV)) causes a modification of the standard perovskite structure. We investigate the effects of different amines on the morphology and size of Cs2SnX6 (X = Br, I) nanocrystals, presenting a facile hot-infection method to directly synthesize three-dimensional (3D) nanoparticles as well as two-dimensional (2D) nanoplatelets. The amines not only modify the shape of the crystals, but also affect their optical properties: increasing the length of the amine carbon chain we observe a widening in the bandgap of the compounds and a blue-shift of their emission peak. Alongside the tuning of the chemical composition and the reduction of the crystal size, our study offers a new insight in controlling the physical properties of perovskite nanocrystals by means of the capping ligands, paving the way for future research on lead-free materials.

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“…[7,8] As a suitable alternative, ongoing research is carrying out on leadfree metals such as Sn, Bi, Ag, Cu, In, and Sb-based perovskites and double perovskites, which also has proven their exceptional optoelectronic properties and promising solar to power energy conversion efficiencies. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Among the different halide perovskites the fully inorganic are receiving an increasing attention due to their higher stability. [19,20] All-inorganic cesium tin halides present a variety of compositions, viz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Orange Emitting Sn(II)‐Doped CsBr Materials

Adhikari

Masi

Echeverría‐Arrondo

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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display technologies, [1][2][3][4][5][6] but their commercialization still faces significant challenges, as the toxicity of carcinogenic lead metal. [7,8] As a suitable alternative, ongoing research is carrying out on leadfree metals such as Sn, Bi, Ag, Cu, In, and Sb-based perovskites and double perovskites, which also has proven their exceptional optoelectronic properties and promising solar to power energy conversion efficiencies. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Among the different halide perovskites the fully inorganic are receiving an increasing attention due to their higher stability. [19,20] All-inorganic cesium tin halides present a variety of compositions, viz. CsSnX 3 , Cs 4 SnX 6 , Cs 2 SnX 6 have been explored with good optoelectronic properties and photovoltaics. [21][22][23] Importantly, Sn(II) is isovalent to Pb(II) and CsSnX 3 /Cs 4 SnX 6 is isostructural with CsPbX 3 /Cs 4 PbX 6 . Hence tin can be considered as a satisfactory replacement to explore lead-free metal halide perovskites and analogues. [24] Unfortunately, there is a limitation in tin-based perovskites owing to the oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ upon exposure to ambient air and moisture, which degrades the material by creating trap states that irreversibly collapse the optical emission (and/or carrier lifetimes) of the material. This phenomenon somehow limits the commercial applicability of tin-based perovskites. To overcome this issue, the replacement of Sn 2+ by Sn 4+ was proposed as an alternative to get Cs 2 SnX 6 with high valency of tin (Sn 4+ ). This typical structure of perovskites is referred to as vacancy-ordered double perovskites. [25] In light of the emissive nature of the corresponding tin halide perovskites, CsSnX 3 exhibits an excitonic emission with narrow full-width-half-maximum (FWHM). Unfortunately, they possess a very low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in comparison to the lead halide perovskites. [26] However, current sign of progress on 0D tin halide perovskites have jumped up to importance in the field of optoelectronics due to their satisfactory photoluminescence with broad coverage across the visible region. [23] Recently, several reports on 0D Cs 4 SnBr 6 published portraying a self-trapped excitonic (STE) emission originated from the isolated [SnBr 6 ] 4octahedra. [27][28][29][30][31] Typical characteristics of STE emissions are i) broad emission and ii) large stokes shift. [32] Hence, the generation of white light due to covering a broad optical window and the reabsorption-related An ongoing demand toward lead-free all-inorganic cesium metal halide perovskites has presented Sn(II) as an ideal substitute of Pb(II) for applications in optoelectronic devices. The major concern regarding Sn(II) is the instability due to the ambient oxidation to Sn(IV). To expand the scope of traditional perovskite and analogues, herein the synthesis and optical performance of Sn(II)-doped CsBr, a new material formed by interstitial doping of Sn(II) into the CsBr matrix, are reported for the first time. This materia...

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Review on recent progress of lead-free halide perovskites in optoelectronic applications

Cited by 147 publications

References 261 publications

Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites for Hydrogen Evolution from Aqueous Solutions

Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskites for Hydrogen Evolution from Aqueous Solutions

Morphological and Optical Tuning of Lead-Free Cs2SnX6 (X = I, Br) Perovskite Nanocrystals by Ligand Engineering

Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Orange Emitting Sn(II)‐Doped CsBr Materials

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