Review on photonic properties of nanowires for photovoltaics [Invited]

Mokkapati, Sudha; Jagadish, Chennupati

doi:10.1364/oe.24.017345

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…III–V NWs have also been explored as promising candidates for solar cell applications due to their direct bandgap, nanoscale size, unique geometry–related optical and electrical properties. Theoretical calculations show that the Shockley–Queisser detailed balance efficiency limit of an InP NW array solar cell with optimized nanowire length, diameter, and spacing can reach ≈32.5%, exceeding that of a planar bulk solar cell (31%) of the same bandgap. This is because solar cells behave like LEDs, showing a voltage‐dependent photon emission under forward bias, thus substantially limiting the solar cell efficiency .…”

Section: Nanowire Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For the horizontal configuration, light is incident on the NW perpendicularly to its axis and coupled into resonances of whispering gallery modes or leaky modes supported in the NW, due to the strong waveguiding properties of horizontal NWs. On the other hand, the direction of light incident on a vertical NW is parallel to its axis, leading to conventional resonant waveguide modes in the NW . Therefore, NWs behave like light trapping optical antennas, with the absorption determined by the density of resonant modes supported in the NWs over the solar spectrum.…”

Section: Nanowire Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering III–V Semiconductor Nanowires for Device Applications

Wong‐Leung

Yang

et al. 2019

Advanced Materials

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of silicon along the direction. Hiruma et al. [4] demonstrated that GaAs NWs-then termed whisker growth can be grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with a similar VLS mechanism. A spate of papers from the same group clearly identified that this process could be extended to InAs NWs and the group was successful in growing a GaAs p-n junction (see ref.[5] for a review). This concept was further expanded in NW heterostructures by Samuelson and co-workers in Lund. [6] This whole sequence of research findings triggered the growing new research field of semiconductor NWs which peaked in 2009 with a vast number of publications. Figure 1 is a plot of the number of publications published per year in the field of "semiconductor nanowires" for over two decades from Clarivate Analytics. Since 2009, the number of publications within this field is about 1000 per year. Herein, we review our recent NW work and expand on our future directions within this field. III-V semiconductor nanowires offer potential new device applicationsbecause of the unique properties associated with their 1D geometry and the ability to create quantum wells and other heterostructures with a radial and an axial geometry. Here, an overview of challenges in the bottom-up approaches for nanowire synthesis using catalyst and catalyst-free methods and the growth of axial and radial heterostructures is given. The work on nanowire devices such as lasers, light emitting nanowires, and solar cells and an overview of the top-down approaches for water splitting technologies is reviewed. The authors conclude with an analysis of the research field and the future research directions.

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Section: Nanowire Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Nanowire Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering III–V Semiconductor Nanowires for Device Applications

Wong‐Leung

Yang

et al. 2019

Advanced Materials

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“…The nanowire geometry is particularly interesting as it allows for excellent charge collective extraction and a large optical cross section 4 . By controlling the dimension and morphology, NWs can be synthesized to support distinct dielectric resonances with low optical loss, enabling the manipulation of the optical properties at the deep subwavelength-scale 5, 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme absorption enhancement in ZnTe:O/ZnO intermediate band core-shell nanowires by interplay of dielectric resonance and plasmonic bowtie nanoantennas

Nie

Chen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Intermediate band solar cells (IBSCs) are conceptual and promising for next generation high efficiency photovoltaic devices, whereas, IB impact on the cell performance is still marginal due to the weak absorption of IB states. Here a rational design of a hybrid structure composed of ZnTe:O/ZnO core-shell nanowires (NWs) with Al bowtie nanoantennas is demonstrated to exhibit strong ability in tuning and enhancing broadband light response. The optimized nanowire dimensions enable absorption enhancement by engineering leaky-mode dielectric resonances. It maximizes the overlap of the absorption spectrum and the optical transitions in ZnTe:O intermediate-band (IB) photovoltaic materials, as verified by the enhanced photoresponse especially for IB states in an individual nanowire device. Furthermore, by integrating Al bowtie antennas, the enhanced exciton-plasmon coupling enables the notable improvement in the absorption of ZnTe:O/ZnO core-shell single NW, which was demonstrated by the profound enhancement of photoluminescence and resonant Raman scattering. The marriage of dielectric and metallic resonance effects in subwavelength-scale nanowires opens up new avenues for overcoming the poor absorption of sub-gap photons by IB states in ZnTe:O to achieve high-efficiency IBSCs.

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“…[49] Such a single, vertical nanowire provides a unique opportunity to study coupling of 1D propagating exciton polaritons with 2D propagating plasmon polaritons at nanoscale at a single point of contact. Such directional outcoupling of emitted light has consequence on designing photovoltaic devices such as single-nanowire solar cells, [41,50,51] organic light emitting devices, [3,23] exciton-polariton lasers, [26] and nanooptical biosensors. Given that spontaneous emission is isotropic, there is an imperative to channel the nanowire emission, such that a majority of the light is collected and harnessed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that spontaneous emission is isotropic, there is an imperative to channel the nanowire emission, such that a majority of the light is collected and harnessed. Such directional outcoupling of emitted light has consequence on designing photovoltaic devices such as single-nanowire solar cells, [41,50,51] organic light emitting devices, [3,23] exciton-polariton lasers, [26] and nanooptical biosensors. [21,23] Here, we experimentally demonstrate directional, excitonpolariton photoluminescence emission channeled from a single, vertical organic nanowire through a plasmonic leaky channel of gold thin film.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative Channeling of Nanowire Frenkel Exciton Polaritons through Surface Plasmons

Tripathi

Vasista

Chikkaraddy

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Materials

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CommuniCation(1 of 6) 1600873 wave guiding [26] of light over millimeter length scale. Such long distance optical transport properties have been utilized for variety of nanophotonics applications such as optical logic gates, [27] resonators, [9,28] nanolasers, [26] photonic circuits, [12,28] etc.Interfacing organic molecular platforms with surface plasmons (SPs), [29][30][31] which are charge density oscillations at metal-dielectric interface, can provide excellent platform to study exciton-plasmon interaction at weak [32] and strong coupling [33,34] regimes. Interestingly, such coupling can also be harnessed for controlling light emission from organic nanostructures, [35] down to single photon limit. [36] A variety of schemes have been explored to interface excitonic systems with surface plasmons such as coupling of quantum dots with plasmonic substrate, [37] layered materials with plasmonic lattice, [38] core-shell nanoparticles, [33] molecular J-aggregates layer with plasmonic nanoparticles, [39,40] and photonic nanowire with gold nanoparticles. [36] These investigations are predominantly confined to probe energy transfer mechanism, recombination processes, [41] photoluminescence enhancement, [42] Rabi splitting, [43] generation of hybrid states, [44] biosensing applications, [45,46] and low-threshold nonlinear effects. [21] In many of these approaches, the dimensionality of the molecular material is either quasi 0D or quasi 2D in nature. So far, there are a few reports [47,48] on interfacing quasi 1D organic molecular systems, such as horizontally oriented nanowires with surface plasmons. [47,48] Alternately, we have recently introduced vertically oriented organic nanowire on a gold thin film. [49] Such a single, vertical nanowire provides a unique opportunity to study coupling of 1D propagating exciton polaritons with 2D propagating plasmon polaritons at nanoscale at a single point of contact. In this coupling scheme, an important issue to be addressed is the outcoupling of EP photoluminescence emission from a single, vertical nanowire into a specific direction through leaky plasmon channels of a gold film. Given that spontaneous emission is isotropic, there is an imperative to channel the nanowire emission, such that a majority of the light is collected and harnessed. Such directional outcoupling of emitted light has consequence on designing photovoltaic devices such as single-nanowire solar cells, [41,50,51] organic light emitting devices, [3,23] exciton-polariton lasers, [26] and nanooptical biosensors. [21,23] Here, we experimentally demonstrate directional, excitonpolariton photoluminescence emission channeled from a single, vertical organic nanowire through a plasmonic leaky channel of gold thin film. Figure 1 shows the conceptual schematic of the experiment. The tip of a vertically oriented organic semiconducting nanowire made of di-amino-anthraquinone (DAAQ) molecules is excited by a tightly focused laser beam at 532 nm wavelength. This excitation wavelength is close Hybrid nanophotonic devices compr...

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Review on photonic properties of nanowires for photovoltaics [Invited]

Cited by 45 publications

References 83 publications

Engineering III–V Semiconductor Nanowires for Device Applications

Engineering III–V Semiconductor Nanowires for Device Applications

Extreme absorption enhancement in ZnTe:O/ZnO intermediate band core-shell nanowires by interplay of dielectric resonance and plasmonic bowtie nanoantennas

Radiative Channeling of Nanowire Frenkel Exciton Polaritons through Surface Plasmons

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