Review on oxidative stress relation on COVID-19: Biomolecular and bioanalytical approach

Ebrahimi, Mostafa; Norouzi, Parviz; Aazami, Hossein; Moosavi-Movahedi, Ali Akbar

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.095

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 241 publications

(284 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, what defines the disease’s progression is not entirely understood. Still, there are strong indications that oxidative stress and the defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial in COVID-19 pathogenesis on various mechanistic levels [ 13 ]. Upon the binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein to the ACE2 receptor on the cell membrane, the virus enters the cell by endocytosis, leading to RNA replication and translation of viral structural proteins, such as Spike (S), Nucleocapsid (N), Membrane (M), Envelope (E), as well as viral open reading frames (ORFs) and activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a leading global health and economic challenge. What defines the disease’s progression is not entirely understood, but there are strong indications that oxidative stress and the defense against reactive oxygen species are crucial players. A big influx of immune cells to the site of infection is marked by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Our article aims to highlight the critical role of oxidative stress in the emergence and severity of COVID-19 and, more importantly, to shed light on the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms. We have reviewed the available literature and clinical trials to extract the relevant genetic variants within the oxidative stress pathway associated with COVID-19 and the anti-oxidative therapies currently evaluated in the clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment, in particular clinical trials on glutathione and N-acetylcysteine.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…NOX2-mediated excessive ROS production in endothelial cells generated by SARS-CoV-2 infection combined with a dysregulation and/or extremely exaggerated immune imbalance (so-called cytokine response or cytokine storm) might be among the most important mechanisms of endothelial cell injury during COVID-19 [ 16 , 17 ]. This phenomenon successively aggravates disease progression, activates immune and endothelial cells and platelets, as well as vigorous endothelial inflammatory reactions, which may cause oxidative stress (OS), leading to inflammatory injury and vascular thrombosis and possibly driving ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) or multi-organ failure, pulmonary edema, and, ultimately, mortality [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Oxidative stress (OS) can be induced by different viruses and infections, such as influenza [ 22 ], human respiratory syncytial virus [ 23 ], and rhinoviruses [ 24 ], which employ diverse mechanisms in the human body/organism and may profoundly impact COVID-19 pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Study about the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammatory Process after COVID-19 Vaccination and COVID-19 Disease

Lymperaki

Kazeli

Tsamesidis

et al. 2022

Clinics and Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last couple of critical years, worldwide, there have been more than 550 million confirmed cases of COVID-19, including more than 6 million deaths (reported by the WHO); with respect to these cases, several vaccines, mainly mRNA vaccines, seem to prevent and protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection. We hypothesize that oxidative stress is one of the key factors playing an important role in both the generation and development of various kinds of disease, as well as antibody generation, as many biological paths can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cellular activities can be modulated when ROS/antioxidant balance is interrupted. A pilot study was conducted in two stages during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021 involving 222 participants between the ages of 26 and 66 years. ROS levels were measured before an after vaccination in the blood samples of 20 individuals who were vaccinated with two doses of mRNA vaccine, and an increase in ROS levels was observed after the first dose, with no modifications observed until the day before the second vaccination dose. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was observed between time points 3 and 4 (before and after second dose), when participants were vaccinated for the second time, and ROS levels decreased from 21,758 to 17,580 a.u. In the second stage, blood was collected from 28 participants 45 days after COVID-19 infection (Group A), from 131 participants 45 days after receiving two doses of mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 (Group B), and from 13 healthy individuals as a control group (Group C). Additionally, antibodies levels were measured in all groups to investigate a possible correlation with ROS levels. A strong negative correlation was found between free radicals and disease antibodies in Group A (r = −0.45, p = 0.001), especially in the male subgroup (r = −0.88, p = 0.001), as well as in the female subgroup (r = −0.24, p < 0.001). Furthermore, no significant correlation (only a negative trend) was found with antibodies derived from vaccination in Group B (r = −0.01), and a negative trend was observed in the female subgroup, whereas a positive trend was observed in the male subgroup.

show abstract

“…In addition, it neutralizes the damage caused by viral infections, through interactions with a number of cellular proteins, signaling molecules and enzymes [14]. Natural antioxidants can compensate for the modified signaling pathways that are activated during the pathogenesis of COVID-19 [15]. The superoxide anion (O 2− ), hydroxyl radical (OH − ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and also NADPH oxidase-derived ROS are correlated with inflammation [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Certain Biomarkers Such as Vitamin B12, ROS, Albumin, as Early Predictors for Prognosis of COVID-19 Outcomes

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 disease is still a major global concern because of its morbidity and its mortality in severe disease. Certain biomarkers including Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), vitamins, and trace elements are known to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of the disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate how certain biomarkers, such as ROS, biochemical indicators, trace elements in serum blood of 139 COVID-19 hospitalized patients, and 60 non-COVID cases according to age and sex variations, can serve as the predictors for prognosis of COVID-19 outcome. An attempt of correlating these biomarkers with the severity of the disease as well as with each other is represented. All subjects were hospitalized from April 2021 until June 2021. A statistically significant increase of B12 levels (p = 0.0029) and ROS levels (p < 0.0001) as well as a decrease in albumin and Total Protein (T.P.) levels (p < 0.001) was observed especially in the early stage of the disease before CRP and ferritin elevation. Additionally, a statistically significant increase in ferritin (p = 0.007), B12 (p = 0.035, sALT p = 0.069, Glucose p = 0.012 and urea p = 0.096 and a decrease in Ca p = 0.005, T.P p = 0.052 albumin p = 0.046 between stage B (CRP values 6–30 mg/L) and C (CRP values 30–100 mg/L) was evident. Thus, this study concludes that clinicians could successfully employ biomarkers such as vitamin B12, ROS and albumin as possible prognosis tools for an early diagnosis. In addition, the total biochemical profile can assist in the understanding of the severity of COVID-19 disease, and could potentially lead to a better diet or early pharmaceutical treatment to prevent some of the more acute symptoms.

show abstract

Review on oxidative stress relation on COVID-19: Biomolecular and bioanalytical approach

Cited by 24 publications

References 241 publications

Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Molecular Mechanisms Related to Responses to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

A Preliminary Study about the Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammatory Process after COVID-19 Vaccination and COVID-19 Disease

Potential Role of Certain Biomarkers Such as Vitamin B12, ROS, Albumin, as Early Predictors for Prognosis of COVID-19 Outcomes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About