Review on Nano zerovalent Iron (nZVI): From Modification to Environmental Applications

Effect of pH on Zero Valent Iron Performance in Heterogeneous Fenton and Fenton-Like Processes: A Review

“…The removal of contaminants by using ZVI is neither a purely chemical/electrochemical reduction, nor a purely physical adsorption process [10,42]. The process can in fact include complex interfacial pathways such as dissolution, adsorption, redox reaction and precipitation, which can occur simultaneously or sequentially on the iron surface [43,44,45]. ZVI alone is often used as an electron donor (reductant), but in the presence of H 2 O, dissolved O 2 and, most notably, H 2 O 2 it becomes an effective source of strongly oxidizing species such as ● OH [9,46].…”

“…Therefore, the optimal pH conditions for contaminants removal by using ZVI in the absence of H 2 O 2 depend on the intrinsic characteristics of the contaminant and on the mechanism of its removal [23]. Comprehensive details of mechanism, kinetic parameters, benefits and application of ZVI in the presence and absence of H 2 O 2 for water and wastewater treatment are already available (see [10,18,20,45,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66], and references therein).…”

Fabrication of regenerated cellulose nanoparticles by mechanical disintegration of cellulose after dissolution and regeneration from a deep eutectic solvent

“…The vast variety of properties are related to high surface area, reactivity, and high strength. Nanoparticles can contain a single element (e.g., zero valent nanoparticles of metals 2,3 and nonmetals 4 ), a composition of different metals and components (e.g., metal oxides 5,6 ), and polymers. 7,8 Nanoparticles are studied as drug carriers, 9 anti-microbial materials, 10 reinforcement agents, 11 and optical materials, among other applications.…”

Critical Reviews on Engineered Nanoparticles in Environmental Remediation

“…Chen et al [62] presented a review which highlights the application of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) in treating refractory compounds. The use of nZVI has some drawbacks such as (i) magnetic attraction between nano iron particles causes the rapid aggregation of particles (ii) nZVI are more prone to react with dissolved oxygen and oxygen-rich compounds (iii) nZVI exert some degree of toxicity studies suggest that cell membrane disruption and oxidative stress through the generation of Fe 2+ and oxidative stress through the generation of Fe 2+ and reactive oxygen species by nZVI are the main mechanisms contributing to nZVI cytotoxicity.…”