Review on Multidimensional Adsorbents for CO₂ Capture from Ambient Air: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Abstract

The urgency of curbing global warming triggered by growing CO 2 emissions has generated significant attention. Direct air capture (DAC) is a crucial and feasible technology to cut CO 2 emissions at nonpoint sources, therefore achieving negative emissions. Solid porous sorbents have drawn increasing attention for CO 2 capture from the atmosphere with ultralow CO 2 concentration (ca. 400 ppm). However, most related studies focus on nanoparticle-based adsorbents and their functionalized counterparts, which are more prone to lose weight in the atmosphere. In this context, we summarize nanoparticle composite adsorbents, including zero-dimensional powders, one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional membranes, and three-dimensional aerogels, and assess the physicochemical properties and typical applications of major types of nanoporous adsorbents in the field of CO 2 adsorption and separation with emphasis on DAC. The multidimensions of emerging adsorbents versus CO 2 uptake are discussed and compared separately. Combined with recent reported advances, we provide deep insights for the design and synthesis of multifunctional materials for efficient CO 2 adsorption. Moreover, life cycle and technoeconomic assessments of DAC using different materials are briefly estimated. Finally, challenges and current trends in the DAC system for commercialization have been put forward.

Electron-induced hydroamination of ethane as compared to ethene: implications for the reaction mechanism

“…Carbonaceous materials are relevant to a wide range of applications including, among others, water treatment, 1 CO 2 capture, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] catalysis, [10][11][12] novel electrode materials, 13 and sensing. 14,15 Their properties can be tuned and enhanced by incorporation of heteroatoms.…”

“…14,15 Their properties can be tuned and enhanced by incorporation of heteroatoms. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Nitrogen-doping, for instance, increases the binding strength towards diverse molecules such as contaminants, 1 CO 2 , 2,3 or H 2 O. 15 It also changes the electrical conductivity of a carbonaceous material 10,13 or optical properties like the fluorescence efficiency.…”

Adsorption of CO2 Using “Sugar Cube”-Shaped Zeolite A Type Derived from Thermally Treated Kaolin and NaOH

“…The substantial rise of CO 2 emission from 280 to 410 ppm in the span of 1760–2020 has led to several environmental concerns. In the period of the last 5 years, the emission of CO 2 into the atmosphere has exceeded the maximum limit of 100 ppm, and it is projected to exceed 500 ppm by the year 2050. − Due to the abnormal release of greenhouse gases, there has been an increase in the average global temperature by 1 °C. The urgency for CO 2 reduction and the adoption of required legislation and regulations have been highlighted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) .…”

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Aerogel Based on Main-Chain Benzoxazine

“…16 Through activation, a microporous structure could be introduced into the mesoporous pores of a carbon aerogel to obtain a larger specific surface area and improve the CO 2 adsorption capacity. 17 Sol−gel and pyrolysis are common methods for preparing carbon aerogel. 18 The incorporation of nitrogen and oxygen atoms into an Ndoped porous aerogels (NPCs) have been proven to improve the performance of CO 2 capture.…”

“…Generally, CA has been applied in areas like catalyst supports, hydrogen storage, and supercapacitors . Through activation, a microporous structure could be introduced into the mesoporous pores of a carbon aerogel to obtain a larger specific surface area and improve the CO 2 adsorption capacity . Sol–gel and pyrolysis are common methods for preparing carbon aerogel …”