Review on Liver Steatosis and its Impact on Liver Transplantation

Ahmed, Emad; Badry, Ashraf Mohammad El; Hassan, Asem Elsani Ali; Redwan, Alaa A.; Vivarelli, Marco

doi:10.15406/jlrdt.2017.03.00064

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…However, several reports suggest inferior post-graft survival rates and an increased risk of primary non-function with such organs. Most studies agree that periods of warm ischemia prior to cold ischemia and hepatic steatosis contribute significantly to these aggressive hepatic complications [18][19][20]. In this study, we describe the beneficial effects of GLP1 treatment in LT from steatotic DCDs, as administration of GLP1 led to a reduction in hepatic damage and inflammation and improved the proliferative response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

The Role of GLP1 in Rat Steatotic and Non-Steatotic Liver Transplantation from Cardiocirculatory Death Donors

León

Jiménez‐Castro

Cornide‐Petronio

et al. 2019

Cells

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In liver transplantation (LT), organ shortage has led to the use of steatotic and non-steatotic grafts from donors after cardiocirculatory death (DCD). However, these grafts, especially those with steatosis, exhibit poor post-operative outcomes. To address this problem, we investigated the roles of gut-derived glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), the serine protease that cleaves it, in steatotic and non-steatotic LT from DCDs. Using Zucker rats, liver grafts from DCDs were cold stored and transplanted to recipients. GLP1 was administered to donors. The levels of GLP1 in intestine and of both GLP1 and DDP4 in circulation were unaltered following cardiocirculatory death (CD). In steatotic livers from DCD, increased GLP1 and decreased DPP4 were recorded, and administration of GLP1 caused a rise in hepatic GLP1 and a reduction in DDP4. This protected against inflammation, damage, and proliferation failure. Conversely, low GLP1 and high DDP4 were observed in non-steatotic livers from DCD. The exogenous GLP1 did not modify hepatic DDP4, and the accumulated GLP1 exerted harmful effects, increasing damage, inflammation, and regeneration failure. Herein, we show that there are differences in GLP1/DDP4 regulation depending on the type of liver implanted, suggesting that GLP1 can be used as a novel and effective therapy in steatotic grafts from DCDs but that it is not appropriate for non-steatotic DCDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

The Role of GLP1 in Rat Steatotic and Non-Steatotic Liver Transplantation from Cardiocirculatory Death Donors

León

Jiménez‐Castro

Cornide‐Petronio

et al. 2019

Cells

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“…Fatty disorders of the liver can be classified into alcoholic and non-alcoholic. Non-alcoholic is defined as the presence of hepatic steatosis without evidence of hepatocellular injury in the form of the ballooning of the hepatocyte, whereas alcoholic fatty liver involves inflammation and hepatocellular injury [ 67 ]. The qualitative analysis showed that cholesterol droplets could be found within and in between the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Linoleic Acid on Cholesterol Levels in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia Rat Model

Azemi

Abu-Bakar

et al. 2022

Metabolites

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for almost one-third of all deaths. The risk factors for developing this disease include high levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alongside low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Dietary linoleic acid has been suggested to reduce these risk factors. This study aims to determine the effects of linoleic acid on cholesterol levels, liver function tests, and structural changes in liver tissue in comparison with fenofibrate in a hypercholesterolemic rat model. Thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats (150–180 g) were divided into non-hypercholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic groups. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in the rats by feeding them with a high-fat diet for two weeks. After two weeks, the non-hypercholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic rats were equally divided into six groups (n = 6): control non-hypercholesterolemic rats, non-hypercholesterolemic rats treated with fenofibrate (60 mg/kg), non-hypercholesterolemic rats treated with linoleic acid (5 mg/kg), control hypercholesterolemic rats, hypercholesterolemic rats treated with fenofibrate (60 mg/kg), and hypercholesterolemic rats treated with linoleic acid (5 mg/kg). The changes in the rats’ body weight, serum lipid profiles, atherogenic indices, and liver function test results were obtained. The rats’ liver tissues were stained for histopathological analysis. The linoleic acid-treated hypercholesterolemic rats exhibited significantly reduced serum TC, TG, LDL, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase levels, as well as increased HDL levels compared with the control hypercholesterolemic rats. These linoleic acid effects were comparable to those in the fenofibrate-treated hypercholesterolemic rats. In conclusion, linoleic acid possesses early anti-hypercholesterolemic properties, which may be due to the reductions in serum cholesterol levels and mild early structural changes in the liver tissues of hypercholesterolemic rats. Therefore, continued studies on linoleic acid in atherosclerotic and/or obese animal models are suggested.

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“…For the appropriate selection of living liver donors, the evaluation of hepatic steatosis (HS) is essential because of its considerable negative impact on perioperative outcomes on donor and recipient [ 1 ]. Indeed, living donors with significant HS are at risk of increased blood loss during transection and impaired regeneration, which are potentially life-threatening complications, particularly when associated with a reduced volume of the remnant [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validating controlled attenuation parameter in the assessment of hepatic steatosis in living liver donors

et al. 2021

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Introduction Hepatic steatosis (HS) negatively impacts transplant outcomes in living liver donors. To date, liver biopsy is preferred for HS evaluation. This study aims to evaluate the measurement of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as a diagnostic tool of HS in living liver donors. Methods Candidates recruited to this study, conducted from April 2016 to February 2020, were potential donors who had undergone transient elastography using Fibroscan® and CAP measurements at liver segments VI and VII, followed by liver biopsy. The HS grades from liver biopsy were classified as S0 (<5%), S1 (5–33%), S2 (33–66%), and S3 (>66%). For CAP, they were S0 (≤218dB/m), S1 (218-249dB/m)), S2 (250-305dB/m)), and S3 (>305dB/m)). The CAP measurements were compared with the liver biopsy results. Results Of the 150 potential donors [male, 73.3%; mean age, 30.0±7.0 years; body mass index (BMI), 24.7±3.5kg/m2], 92 (61.3%) had no or mild HS, while 58 (38.7%) and 10% had moderate to severe HS based on CAP and liver biopsy, respectively. Subjects with moderate to severe HS per CAP were mostly males (0.014), and had higher BMI (p = .006), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (.001), gamma-glutamyl transferase (.026), and high-density lipoprotein (.008). On multivariate analysis, high ALT (OR, 1.051; 95% CI, 1.016–1.087; p = .004) was a predictor of significant HS. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of CAP to detect significant HS were 93.3%, 67.4, 24.1%, and 98.9%, respectively. Conclusion The high sensitivity and negative predictive values of CAP make it a good screening test to exclude significant HS in potential living liver donors which, in turn, can help avoid unnecessary liver biopsies.

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Review on Liver Steatosis and its Impact on Liver Transplantation

Cited by 8 publications

References 78 publications

The Role of GLP1 in Rat Steatotic and Non-Steatotic Liver Transplantation from Cardiocirculatory Death Donors

The Role of GLP1 in Rat Steatotic and Non-Steatotic Liver Transplantation from Cardiocirculatory Death Donors

Effect of Linoleic Acid on Cholesterol Levels in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia Rat Model

Validating controlled attenuation parameter in the assessment of hepatic steatosis in living liver donors

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