Review on environmental alterations propagating from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems

Schulz, Ralf; Bundschuh, Mirco; Gergs, René; Brühl, Carsten A.; Diehl, Dörte; Entling, Martin H.; Fahse, Lorenz; Frör, Oliver; Jungkunst, Hermann F.; Lorke, Andreas; Schäfer, Ralf B.; Schaumann, Gabriele E.; Schwenk, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.038

Cited by 96 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 322 publications

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“…In addition to changing nutrient levels, many ecosystems are also experiencing increased temperatures, changes in the timing of temperature and precipitation regimes, and higher levels of variability in a range of environmental factors due to climate change and other anthropogenic factors, which may influence the QQTD of subsides in complex ways (Karl, Knight & Plummer, ; Verboom et al, ; Schulz et al, ; Sitters et al, ; Larsen et al, ). Increased temperatures may influence the phenology of animal vectors, potentially altering the quantity and timing of their inputs to recipient ecosystems.…”

Section: Implications For Altered Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context dependency of animal resource subsidies

2018

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The transport of resource subsidies by animals has been documented across a range of species and ecosystems. Although many of these studies have shown that animal resource subsidies can have significant effects on nutrient cycling, ecosystem productivity, and food‐web structure, there is a great deal of variability in the occurrence and strength of these effects. Here we propose a conceptual framework for understanding the context dependency of animal resource subsidies, and for developing and testing predictions about the effects of animal subsidies over space and time. We propose a general framework, in which abiotic characteristics and animal vector characteristics from the donor ecosystem interact to determine the quantity, quality, timing, and duration (QQTD) of an animal input. The animal input is translated through the lens of recipient ecosystem characteristics, which include both abiotic and consumer characteristics, to yield the QQTD of the subsidy. The translated subsidy influences recipient ecosystem dynamics through effects on both trophic structure and ecosystem function, which may both influence the recipient ecosystem's response to further inputs and feed back to influence the donor ecosystem. We present a review of research on animal resource subsidies across ecosystem boundaries, placed within the context of this framework, and we discuss how the QQTD of resource subsidies can influence trophic structure and ecosystem function in recipient ecosystems. We explore the importance of understanding context dependency of animal resource subsidies in increasingly altered ecosystems, in which the characteristics of both animal vectors and donor and recipient ecosystems may be changing rapidly. Finally, we make recommendations for future research on animal resource subsidies, and resource subsidies in general, that will increase our understanding and predictive capacity about their ecosystem effects.

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Section: Implications For Altered Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context dependency of animal resource subsidies

2018

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“…Thus, uptake of ENPs via food appears to be a pathway of ENP fate to consider (Holbrook et al ., ), although the general applicability of the current results needs verification as more data become available. Moreover, ENPs could potentially be transferred across ecosystem boundaries, from aquatic to terrestrial food webs, as a result of rising and receding flood water or by emerging insects (Schulz et al ., Laws et al ., ), although the importance of these processes has not yet been assessed for nanoparticles.…”

Section: Enps Effects At Higher Levels Of Biological Complexitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nanoparticles in fresh waters: risks, mechanisms and interactions

et al. 2016

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SUMMARY1. Ecotoxicology is often criticised for its simplistic approach, which does not normally consider the complexity of field conditions. Simple laboratory experiments can still be useful, however, especially for assessing effects of emerging stressors such as nanoparticles, which exhibit fates, exposure profiles and modes of action substantially different from those of traditional chemicals. 2. Here we argue that it is important to understand the potential effects of environmental conditions (e.g. UV radiation, dissolved organic matter, chemical stressors) on the fate and ecotoxicological potential of nanoparticles by using simple and well-controlled experiments, while aiming to mimic realistic environmental conditions as closely as possible. 3. The observation that increasingly complex test systems may yield lower effect thresholds for nanoparticles than standardised tests suggests that current approaches require modification. Specifically, research is encouraged on interactions among trophic levels, community composition and ecosystem and evolutionary processes, so that effects observed in complex environmental settings can be explained mechanistically. 4. We highlight recent discoveries in ecotoxicology and ecology that suggest nanoparticle-induced consequences on evolutionary and ecosystem processes as well as their potential transfer across ecosystem boundaries. These insights may encourage further research on nanoparticle effects informed by ecological theory.

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“…Flooding events are one trigger of biodiversity in aquatic and interlinked terrestrial ecosystems as they provide ways for the exchange of nutrients (Baldwin & Mitchell 2000, Beltman et al 2007, Schulz et al 2015 and organisms (Shearer et al 2007, Schulz et al 2015 between both habitat types. The river continuum concept of Vannote et al (1980) describes soil as the resource donor and considers the biotic change along the river.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, microeukaryotic communities distinctly differ between freshwater and terrestrial habitats (Grossmann et al 2016). Flooding events are one potentially important route for the dispersal of organisms (Weisse 2008) and consequently may drive the distribution of these taxa between the different habitat types (Shearer et al 2007, Crump et al 2012, Schulz et al 2015. Taxa can be transferred from water to the soil where the soil pores may provide an appropriate habitat for their survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of short-term flooding on aquatic and terrestrial microeukaryotic communities: a mesocosm approach

Graupner¹,

Röhl²,

Jensen³

et al. 2017

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Freshwater and soil are not strictly isolated habitats. In particular, floods may facilitate the exchange of organisms and nutrients. Flooding can have both a stimulating and a harmful effect on the organisms of the respective habitats. The effects of short-term flooding on microeukaryotic communities in the aquatic and terrestrial habitat have so far been scarcely studied. Here, we investigated the effect of a 24 h artificial inundation on the microeukaryotic community composition in AquaFlow mesocosm systems. We investigated the shift of community composition based on molecular amplicon diversity both on soil and water during flooding and for a period of 12 d after flooding. Community composition was, as expected, strongly different between soil and water. Flooding had a significant effect on the freshwater community, whereas the soil community was hardly affected. In particular, we observed a transfer of nutrients from the terrestrial habitat into the aquatic habitat and identified ~50 taxa that were transferred by the flooding event. This effect of flooding was, however, overlaid by shifts of the communities with time, presumably reflecting an acclimatization to the conditions in the AquaFlow systems.

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Review on environmental alterations propagating from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems

Cited by 96 publications

References 322 publications

Context dependency of animal resource subsidies

Context dependency of animal resource subsidies

Effects of nanoparticles in fresh waters: risks, mechanisms and interactions

Effects of short-term flooding on aquatic and terrestrial microeukaryotic communities: a mesocosm approach

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