Review on Electrospun Conductive Polymer Composites Strain Sensors

Wang, Xin; Gao, Qingsen; Schubert, Dirk W.; Liu, Xianhu

doi:10.1002/admt.202300293

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 162 publications

(251 reference statements)

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“…Besides, the RL min of N3 was −35.1 dB at 17.15 GHz, and the EAB was 4.38 GHz at a thickness of 2.0 mm. Obviously, the treated fabric (N3) showed good electromagnetic absorption due to conduction loss, dipole polarization, interfacial polarization, and multiple reflection (Figure f,i). − Compared with N1 or N3, N5 displayed a significantly reduced RL. The RL min of N5 was −41.1 dB at 8.24 GHz at a thickness of 4.0 mm and an effective bandwidth of 3.04 GHz (7.24–10.28 GHz) (Figure g,j).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable and Multifunctional Polyurethane/MXene/Carbon Nanotube-Based Fabric Sensor toward Baby Healthcare

Yan,

Chen,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Continuous monitoring of physiological health status and effective protection against external hazards is an indispensable aspect of healthcare management for critically vulnerable populations, particularly for infants or babies. So, the exploration of all-in-one devices remains critical to avoiding their injury and illness. The integration of multiple properties such as sensing, electromagnetic protection, warming/cooling, and water/ bacterial repellence into a common fabric is no doubt a promising solution to coping with diverse application scenarios. However, achieving simultaneous integration in an effective and durable fashion faces huge challenges. Herein, multifunctional fabric was achieved by sequentially coating MXene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and self-healing polyurethane (PU) onto cotton fabric. The outstanding conductivity of MXene and CNTs as well as the self-healing ability of PU synergistically enable a flexible, breathable, protective, and sensing fabric with a good durability. It could detect the body motions like bending of the finger, elbow, wrist, and knee, with a high gauge factor of 8.78 and fast response. Moreover, this sensing fabric could protect the wearers against electromagnetic waves and bacteria, delivering a minimum reflection loss of −57.6 dB at 7.6 GHz and high bacterial inhibition efficiency due to the incorporation of MXene and polyethylenimine. Besides, the electrothermal performance of carbonaceous materials enables them to act as a heater for body warmth. The synergistic design of this multifunctional textile offers a promising strategy for producing advanced smart textiles, holding great promise in infant or baby healthcare.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable and Multifunctional Polyurethane/MXene/Carbon Nanotube-Based Fabric Sensor toward Baby Healthcare

Yan,

Chen,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…In addition, electrospun conductive nanofiber-based meshes built with one or multiple materials not only show excellent resilience features but also are embedded with evenly distributed conductive particles, leading to uniform resistance changes. This demonstrated that the electrospun nanofibers exhibit fascinating abilities in construction of high-performance flexible strain sensors …”

Section: Design Of Electrospun Flexible Biomechanical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This demonstrated that the electrospun nanofibers exhibit fascinating abilities in construction of high-performance flexible strain sensors. 56 Carbon black, Gr, and CNTs are commonly combined with electrospun micro/nanofibers to create versatile flexible strain sensors. Li et al 57 fabricated TPU nanofibrous membranes via electrospinning, which were subsequently impregnated with carbon black and CNTs.…”

Section: Flexible Capacitive Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Micro/Nanofiber-Based Biomechanical Sensors

Li,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Electrospun micro/nanofibers have gained popularity recently for flexible biomechanical sensors because of their advantages of lightness, compatibility, breathability, mechanical deformability, and function integrability, etc., offering them unprecedented sensitivities and versatilities. With increasing advances in the digital era, existing electrospun flexible sensors are not capable of catering to the demands of multiscenario applications including wearable electronics, interactive interfaces, and real-time continuous health monitoring. To ease and expedite their developments, we thoroughly reviewed their latest progress regarding design, preparation, and optimization. First, a brief overview of the design approaches of electrospun flexible biomechanical sensors based on the working mechanism is highlighted. Then, two kinds of preparation strategies including direct electrospinning and post-treatment-assisted electrospinning are discussed in detail. Further, four means for optimizing the performance and endowing multifunctions to electrospun flexible biomechanical sensors are demonstrated in terms of processing. Accordingly, the challenges and the potential solutions related to this topic are addressed, providing a future direction for the next generation of electrospun flexible biomechanical sensors.

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“…Soft and stretchable strain sensors, as one of the important elements in the family of wearable sensors, , have undergone development from traditional wire and/or foil strain gauges − to ultrathin-film-state strain sensors, for the purpose of making them respond simultaneously to the epidermic changes , and realizing precise detection . In addition, numerous contributions have been made to strain sensors by the use of newly developed materials, such as low-dimensional carbon materials, , biomass, , metal nanowires, , MXene fabric, , as well as hydrogels , and composites loaded with nanoconductive fillers, as well as the recently proposed crack-based strain sensors by imitating slit sensilla of arthropods . The optimizations of stretchable electronic materials and their layout to construct elastic and conductive networks are the key points in the studies of soft strain sensors. , For example, the micro crack-junctions’ disconnection–reconnection of a 20 nm film on a viscoelastic polymer can contribute to the ultrahigh gauge factor (GF = 2000); meanwhile, the zigzag crack structure on flexible and interlaced graphene ribbons was demonstrated to improve sensitivity. , The main idea in crack-based strain sensors is focused on how to make the conductive layer split and coalesce by integrating ductile metals (such as Au, Ag, and Cu) and viscoelastic polymers [such as poly(urethane acrylate) (PUA) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal and Carbon Nanofiber-Based Strain Sensor for Monitoring Gesture, Voice, and Physiological Signals

Wang,

Ren,

Jia

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Fiber strain sensors are emerging as a focus in wearable monitors due to their excellent flexibility and weavability. However, a compromise of the detection range with sensitivity and hysteresis still exists in current fiber strain sensors. To overcome this deficiency, we propose a fiber strain sensor by using liquid metal (LM) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) composites (LM/CNF) as elastic and sensitive conductive materials and dip-coating it on a polyurethane elastic thread (PUT) by an ultrasonic-assisted method. It is demonstrated by morphological examination that there is an "island-bridge" like the network in the LM/CNF suspension and the coated LM/CNF on PUT by the ultrasonicassisted dip-coating technique. The good sensitivities in a wide strain range are testified (i.e., gauge factors (GFs) of 14.8 ± 0.5, 35.7 ± 2.3, and 73.7 ± 3.9 in the strain ranges of 0−110, 110−150, and 150−220%, respectively) and proven to be contributed by the entangled LM nanoparticles by CNF microrods. Meanwhile, the short response times (304 ± 26 ms for loading 20% strain and 315 ± 28 ms for unloading) and low hysteresis are also manifested. All of these good features endow the LM/CNF-based fiber strain sensor with the capability to simultaneously monitor human health state and body movements; this great potentiality is also demonstrated by the on-body detections of respiration, pulse, voice, and joint bending. Finally, its conceptual application as a smart glove for gesture recognition is also carried out. In general, this work manifests that the LM/CNF-based fiber strain sensors may be of practical value in the field of health and motion detection.

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Review on Electrospun Conductive Polymer Composites Strain Sensors

Cited by 12 publications

References 162 publications

Scalable and Multifunctional Polyurethane/MXene/Carbon Nanotube-Based Fabric Sensor toward Baby Healthcare

Scalable and Multifunctional Polyurethane/MXene/Carbon Nanotube-Based Fabric Sensor toward Baby Healthcare

Electrospun Micro/Nanofiber-Based Biomechanical Sensors

Liquid Metal and Carbon Nanofiber-Based Strain Sensor for Monitoring Gesture, Voice, and Physiological Signals

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