Review on Disease Management Practice of Tomato Wilt Caused Fusarium oxysporum in Case of Ethiopia

Abstract

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is the world's largest growing vegetable crop. Many diseases and disorders affect tomatoes during its growing season. F. oxysporum is fungus pathogen widespread soil-borne plant pathogen. This plant pathogenic affects the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The recommend that farmer should be used resistant tomato cultivar and recommend fungicide spraying was best control and it were the most effective in reducing diseases' incidence and increase the yield of tomato.

Biology and Integrated Control of Tomato Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici: A Comprehensive Review under the Light of Recent Advancements

“…Symptoms appear later in the growing season and are first noticed on the lower (older) leaves. As the disease progresses, the younger leaves will also be affected (leaves start drooping, curve downwards and turn brown yellow) and the plant eventually dies (Figure 6) [4,34,64,77,92].…”

“…During the latent stage, the affected leaf area does not show any symptom until a length of time known as the incubation period has elapsed. The affected leaf area then develops symptoms and the pathogen begins to sporulate during the infectious stage [4,62,64]. F. oxysporum is the causal agent of vascular wilt, a disease that affects a large variety of important crops worldwide [12,[18][19][20][29][30][31][32]62,64,65].…”

“…The last stage is colonization; the mycelium advances intercellular through the root cortex until it reaches the xylem vessels and enters them through the pits. Fungal colonization of the host's vascular system is facilitated by the formation of microconidia within the xylem vessel elements that are detached and carried upward in the sap stream [4,18,20,62,64,84].…”

“…Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), which belongs to family Solanaceae and genus Solanum [1][2][3][4][5] is native to South America and was first discovered in Mexico [6]. The cultivated form was first taken to Europe by Spanish in the 16 th century and from there introduced into southern and eastern Asia, Africa and the Middle East and distributed throughout the world [7][8][9][10].…”

“…Whereas, the production 15051381 thousand tones and productivity of 32.8 tones/ha has been recorded in the world [11]. China is considered as the largest area of production in the world which occupying 871,235,000 hectares with a production of 41,879,684,000 tonnes [4].…”