Review on Diagnostic Methods of Trypanasomosis

Hailu, Muluneh

doi:10.19080/jdvs.2019.11.555812

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The majority of studies included in this review have used parasitological methods. These methods are dependent on a high parasitemia in infected animals and on a morphological observation, which require expertise and experience of a technician making the observations (Hailu 2019). Irrespective of the technique used, PCR proved to be the most sensitive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Côte d’Ivoire: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Ekra

N'Goran²,

Mboera³

et al. 2023

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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Bovine trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoans of the genus Trypanosoma. The disease cause economic losses in livestock production. In order to determine the status of research on this disease in Côte d’Ivoire, we used the systematic review method and meta-analysis. Three electronics databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed and CrossRef were used to search for publications on trypanosomiasis prevalence that met our inclusion criteria. Twenty five articles were identified, 11 of which met the inclusion criteria. Bovine trypanosomiasis prevalence of 2.99% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.96% – 3.01%) to 25.28% (95% CI: 25.17% – 25.38%) were recorded between 1960 and 2021. The analyses showed that the most infected regions were the Bagoue 11.26% (95% CI: 11.25% – 11.27%), Bounkani 14.94% (95% CI: 14.93% – 14.95%), Gbeke 10.34% (95% CI: 10.33% – 10.35%), Marahoue 13.79% (95% CI: 13.78% – 13.80%), Poro 8.50% (95% CI: 8.49% – 8.51%), and Tchologo 11.83% (95% CI: 11.82% – 11.84%).The most sensitive diagnostic method used was the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The species of trypanosomes diagnosed were Typanosoma vivax 4.99% (95% CI: 4.97% – 5.01%), T. congolense 1.51% (95% CI: 1.49% – 1.52%), and T. brucei 0.61% (95% CI: 0.59% – 0.62%). Despite some variation, the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Côte d’Ivoire caused mainly by T. vivax has increased in the years between 1977 and 2017. Efforts to control tsetse and other mechanical vectors should also be put in place to minimize its transmission.Contribution: The authors studied the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis using the systematic review method and MA in order to determine the status of research on this disease in Côte d’Ivoire.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Côte d’Ivoire: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Ekra

N'Goran²,

Mboera³

et al. 2023

Onderstepoort j. vet. res.

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“…Microscopy-based techniques using direct observation of wet blood films, buffy coat technique (BCT) ( Murray et al ., 1977 ), or hematocrit centrifugation technique ( Woo, 1970 ) are the most common methods of parasite detection. Although its main drawbacks reflect in its analytical sensitivity (low analytical sensitivity in chronic infection and nil in healthy carriers), microscopy is the ideal diagnostic technique for bovine trypanosomosis because it is suitable for field application and has test cost within the means of the communities affected by the disease ( Hailu, 2019 ; Desquesnes et al ., 2022 ). For this reason, microscopy has historically been considered the gold standard for field diagnosis in rural settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative performance evaluation of blood film microscopy for the diagnosis of bovine trypanosomosis by some laboratories in North-central Nigeria

Akinbobola¹,

Okaiyeto²,

Sackey³

et al. 2023

Open Vet J

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Background: Due to its affordability in disease affected communities and suitability for field application, microscopy has historically been considered the gold standard for field diagnosis of trypanosomosis in rural settings. Aim: This works aims to compare the performance of microscopists on bovine trypanosome microscopy by organizing the first comparative assessment on a correct reading of slides by laboratory professionals using the read slide results and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire in North-central Nigeria. Methods: Ten (10) Participants were addressed, as they were sent a panel of two slides (Slide 1: No Trypanosome present; Slide 2: Trypanosome present) and a questionnaire. Results: All participants greater than 41 years old reported correctly the presence and absence of parasite on slides. Only 3/8 of microscopist from Routine diagnostic laboratory reported correctly the presence of the parasite. Conclusion: Our study confirmed errors in reading slides. Therefore, training of microscopist besides a nationwide quality assessment is recommended.

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“…Parasitological diagnosis based on microscopy is comparatively easy to perform but lacks sensitivity. Molecular diagnosis (PCR and LAMP) is both very sensitive and specific, but requires relatively sophisticated facilities [7]. Immunodiagnosis is the only one adapted for use in field conditions, particularly under RDT (Rapid Diagnostic Test) format.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel protein candidates for serodiagnosis of African animal trypanosomosis: Evaluation of the diagnostic potential of lysophospholipase and glycerol kinase from Trypanosoma brucei

et al. 2021

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African trypanosomosis, a parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites transmitted by tsetse flies, affects both humans and animals in sub-Saharan Africa. While the human form (HAT) is now limited to foci, the animal form (AAT) is widespread and affects the majority of sub-Saharan African countries, and constitutes a real obstacle to the development of animal breeding. The control of AAT is hampered by a lack of standardized and easy-to used diagnosis tools. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of TbLysoPLA and TbGK proteins from Trypanosoma brucei brucei for AAT serodiagnosis in indirect ELISA using experimental and field sera, individually, in combination, and associated with the BiP C-terminal domain (C25) from T. congolense. These novel proteins were characterized in silico, and their sequence analysis showed strong identities with their orthologs in other trypanosomes (more than 60% for TbLysoPLA and more than 82% for TbGK). TbLysoPLA displays a low homology with cattle (<35%) and Piroplasma (<15%). However, TbGK shares more than 58% with cattle and between 45–55% with Piroplasma. We could identify seven predicted epitopes on TbLysoPLA sequence and 14 potential epitopes on TbGK. Both proteins were recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli. Their diagnostic potential was evaluated by ELISA with sera from cattle experimentally infected with T. congolense and with T.b. brucei, sera from cattle naturally infected with T. congolense, T. vivax and T.b. brucei. Both proteins used separately had poor diagnostic performance. However, used together with the BiP protein, they showed 60% of sensitivity and between 87–96% of specificity, comparable to reference ELISA tests. In conclusion, we showed that the performance of the protein combinations is much better than the proteins tested individually for the diagnosis of AAT.

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Review on Diagnostic Methods of Trypanasomosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Côte d’Ivoire: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis in Côte d’Ivoire: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Comparative performance evaluation of blood film microscopy for the diagnosis of bovine trypanosomosis by some laboratories in North-central Nigeria

Novel protein candidates for serodiagnosis of African animal trypanosomosis: Evaluation of the diagnostic potential of lysophospholipase and glycerol kinase from Trypanosoma brucei

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