Review of Wireless Charging System: Magnetic Materials, Coil Configurations, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Vishnuram, Pradeep; Suresh, P.; Narayanamoorthi, R.; Vijayakumar, K.; Bajaj, Mohit; Piecha, Marian; Blažek, Vojtěch; Prokop, Lukáš

doi:10.3390/en16104020

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Litz wires were used for fabricating transmitting and receiving coils, similar to those in the core-less system. The pot core shield is placed over the transmitting/receiving coils to reduce unwanted magnetic leakages [73]. To improve the mutual coefficient between the coils and divert magnetic flux lines from potential victims, flexible ferrite sheets were used as inserts and then embedded in the primary and secondary pot cores [47], [74].…”

Section: B Core-based Wpt Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Power Transfer Systems With Composite Cores for Magnetic Field Shielding With Electric Vehicles

Duan,

Lan,

Kodera

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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The transmitting and receiving coils used in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems in electric vehicles (EVs) have a larger air gap (∼300 mm) and higher transmission power (kW) than those in typical WPT systems used in electrical appliances. However, this could weaken the magnetic field, reduce transfer efficiency, and lead to a public concern regarding potential adverse health effects related to electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure. Therefore, the assessment of compliance with product safety standards, based on international exposure guidelines such as the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), is crucial. This study uses the finite element method to analyze a commonly used core-less and core-based WPT system using a composite core material in EVs and scalar potential finite difference method for assessment of human protection. Based on the computational results, two core structures using different types of intermediate insert blocks were analyzed to reduce external magnetic fields and mitigate the human EMF exposure. The WPT system with a core structure improved the transfer efficiency by 34% for a 300 mm air gap over the core-less system. Moreover, this effectively reduced magnetic field leakage by 91.6% and induced electric field by 98.3%, resulting in the reduction of induced electric field in anatomical human body model. The results demonstrated that a WPT system with a composite core can simultaneously improve the transfer efficiency and protect humans from EMF exposure.

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Section: B Core-based Wpt Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Power Transfer Systems With Composite Cores for Magnetic Field Shielding With Electric Vehicles

Duan,

Lan,

Kodera

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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“…Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology relies on the principle of magnetic resonant coupling between two coils, enabling the efficient transmission of electrical power over distances ranging from several tens of centimeters to a few meters [1][2][3][4][5]. This technology is increasingly gaining interest as a streamlined method for charging electric vehicles (EVs) without conventional plugs [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliance Assessment of the Spatial Averaging Method for Magnetic Field Leakage from a Wireless Power Transfer System in Electric Vehicles

Okada,

Miwa,

Kodera

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Wireless power transfer (WPT) via magnetic resonance offers efficient electrical power transfer, making it an increasingly attractive option for charging electric vehicles (EVs) without conventional plugs. However, EV charging requires a transfer power in order of kW or higher, resulting in a higher-leaked magnetic field than conventional wireless systems. The leaked magnetic field is nonuniform, and the assessment in terms of the limit prescribed in the guideline is highly conservative because it assumes that a person standing in free space is exposed to a uniform field. In such cases, an assessment should be performed using the limits of the internal electric field, as it is more relevant to the adverse health effects, whereas its evaluation is time-consuming. To mitigate this over-conservativeness, international product standards introduce a spatial averaging method for nonuniform exposure assessment. In this study, we investigate assessment methods, especially for measurement points of nonuniform magnetic field strength leaked from the WPT system. Various spatial averaging methods are correlated with the internal electric field derived from electromagnetic field analysis using an anatomically based human body model. Our computational results confirm a good correlation between the spatially averaged magnetic and internal electric fields. Additionally, these methods provide an appropriate compliance assessment with the exposure guidelines. This study advances our understanding of the suitability of spatial averaging methods for nonuniform exposure and contributes to the smooth assessment in WPT systems.

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“…In the current generation, greenhouse gas emissions and fossil pollution have become big issues [1]- [3]; these can be overcome by using renewable energy sources as the best solution, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). So the usage of PHEVs and battery-operated electric vehicles EVs has dramatically increased [4]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A receiver-side power control method for series-series magnetic topology in inductive contactless electric vehicles battery charger application

Bhavsingh,

Babu,

Mangu

et al. 2023

IJAAS

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Wireless power transfer (WPT) can be used to charge the battery conveniently and efficiently. In this paper, the investigation of high-efficiency S/S resonant magnetic topology in inductive wireless battery charging of electric vehicles (EVs) is analyzed, designed, and controlled. To regulate the output power efficiently rather than controlling the supply voltage, novel bidirectional switches are introduced to control the output power by using the duty cycle control method. The output power of the secondary side is derived and discussed based on the fundamental harmonic approximation (FHA) approach. A 1.5 kW, 120 mm distance, and 85 kHz resonance frequency are verified in MATLAB/Simulink.

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Review of Wireless Charging System: Magnetic Materials, Coil Configurations, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Cited by 12 publications

References 144 publications

Wireless Power Transfer Systems With Composite Cores for Magnetic Field Shielding With Electric Vehicles

Wireless Power Transfer Systems With Composite Cores for Magnetic Field Shielding With Electric Vehicles

Compliance Assessment of the Spatial Averaging Method for Magnetic Field Leakage from a Wireless Power Transfer System in Electric Vehicles

A receiver-side power control method for series-series magnetic topology in inductive contactless electric vehicles battery charger application

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