Review of water deficit mediated changes in vine and berry physiology; Consequences for the optimization of irrigation strategies

Scholasch, Thibaut; Rienth, Markus

doi:10.20870/oeno-one.2019.53.3.2407

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(187 reference statements)

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“…In 2018, all plots combined had the highest TSS at the last sampling date. This can be explained by higher temperatures and a water deficit ( Figure 6E) during ripening, which favoured sugar accumulation and caused a concentration mediated by the reduction in berry volume due to lower water availability, as observed in previous studies (Ojeda et al, 2002;Ojeda et al, 2001;Rienth et al, 2014;Scholasch and Rienth, 2019;van Leeuwen et al, 2009). The lower sugar quantity per berry in 2018 can be explained by the reduction in berry size ( Figure 6C), which was greater than the increase in sugar accumulation, thus resulting in a lower total amount of accumulated sugar inside the berry.…”

Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitysupporting

confidence: 72%

“…However, most of the assessed plots were within the range of mild to severe water stress, with values of between -1.1 and -1.3 MPa (Rienth and Scholasch, 2019;van Leeuwen et al, 2009;Zufferey, 2007). It is well known that water deficits can cause a reduction in berry size, depending on their severity and time of occurrence during berry development (Ojeda et al, 2001;Ojeda et al, 1999;Scholasch and Rienth, 2019). Berry volume followed a bell shaped curve < -1.3 Mpa, whereas milder water deficit did not impact final berry size ( Figure 7B).…”

Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitymentioning

confidence: 79%

“…In 2018, a mild (-24.5) to moderate water deficit (-23 to -24.5) was correlated with a reduction in berry size ( Figure 8A), but only a trend in higher sugar concentration can be observed ( Figure 8B). It is well-known that water deficits can cause a reduction in berry size depending on their severity and time of occurrence during berry development (Ojeda et al, 2001;Ojeda et al, 1999;Scholasch and Rienth, 2019). The analysed carbon in berry sugars might also, to a small extent, come from reserves that were built up in previous seasons, depending on abiotic and trophic factors (Hunter et al, 1995) ; therefore, it does not necessarily totally reflect the water deficit of vines in one season.…”

Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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Understanding how different pedoclimatic conditions interact with vine and berry physiology, and subsequently impact wine quality, is paramount for an good valorization of viticultural terroirs and can help to optimize mitigation strategies in the face of global warming.The aim of the present study was to establish terroir zones in a steep slope region in Switzerland based on vine and berry physiology. The study area, Villette in the AOC Lavaux, was a unique experimental site due to the homogeneity of plant material in a relatively small microclimate (140 ha) and a multiplicity of different expositions, soil types and altitudes. Vine and berry physiology as well as temperature of twenty-two plots were monitored during three consecutive seasons to investigate whether a link with pedoclimatic parameters can be established.The annual temporal variation of the average temperature was 142 growing degree days (GDD) over all years. Remarkably, spatial temperature variability was twice as high, with a variation between most extreme plots of 395 GDDs on average over all years. PCA and hierarchical clustering of assessed vine and berry physiological parameters resulted in a vintage dependent grouping of plots differing between years, which was not congruent with geological entities. This highlights the importance of the vintage effect, which had a large influence on vine and berry physiology and impacted terroir zones more than soil groups. Important differences in budburst and flowering were observed between plots, whereas altitude was the main driver of precocity in all years, being relatively independent of the vintage, which confirms the importance of topography in viticultural terroirs.

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Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitysupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitymentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Precipitation Plant Water Regime and Berry Maturitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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“…Downstream of PAL , the rate-limiting enzyme of flavonoid/isoflavononid biosynthesis, chalcone synthase (CHS; VIT_16s0100g00860) , was highly induced as well, indicating an enhanced synthesis of those phenolic compounds. Besides being part of the plant developmental programme, the CHS gene expression was reported to be induced in plants under stress conditions such as drought, UV light, bacterial or fungal infection [96]. CHS expression causes accumulation of flavonoid and isoflavonoid phytoalexins and is involved in the SA defense pathway [95, 97].…”

Section: Phenylpropanoid Synthesis Is Highly Activated By Ovulgarismentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano essential oil vapour prevents Plasmopara viticola infection in grapevine (Vitis Vinifera) and primes plant immunity mechanisms

et al. 2019

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The reduction of synthetic fungicides in agriculture is necessary to guarantee a sustainable production that protects the environment and consumers’ health. Downy mildew caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola is the major pathogen in viticulture worldwide and responsible for up to 60% of pesticide treatments. Alternatives to reduce fungicides are thus utterly needed to ensure sustainable vineyard-ecosystems, consumer health and public acceptance. Essential oils (EOs) are amongst the most promising natural plant protection alternatives and have shown their antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties on several agricultural crops. However, the efficiency of EOs highly depends on timing, application method and the molecular interactions between the host, the pathogen and EO. Despite proven EO efficiency, the underlying processes are still not understood and remain a black box. The objectives of the present study were: a) to evaluate whether a continuous fumigation of a particular EO can control downy mildew in order to circumvent the drawbacks of direct application, b) to decipher molecular mechanisms that could be triggered in the host and the pathogen by EO application and c) to try to differentiate whether essential oils directly repress the oomycete or act as plant resistance primers. To achieve this a custom-made climatic chamber was constructed that enabled a continuous fumigation of potted vines with different EOs during long-term experiments. The grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cv Chasselas was chosen in reason of its high susceptibility to Plasmopara viticola. Grapevine cuttings were infected with P. viticola and subsequently exposed to continuous fumigation of different EOs at different concentrations, during 2 application time spans (24 hours and 10 days). Experiments were stopped when infection symptoms were clearly observed on the leaves of the control plants. Plant physiology (photosynthesis and growth rate parameters) were recorded and leaves were sampled at different time points for subsequent RNA extraction and transcriptomics analysis. Strikingly, the Oregano vulgare EO vapour treatment during 24h post-infection proved to be sufficient to reduce downy mildew development by 95%. Total RNA was extracted from leaves of 24h and 10d treatments and used for whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq). Sequenced reads were then mapped onto the V. vinifera and P. viticola genomes. Less than 1% of reads could be mapped onto the P. viticola genome from treated samples, whereas up to 30% reads from the controls mapped onto the P. viticola genome, thereby confirming the visual observation of P. viticola absence in the treated plants. On average, 80% of reads could be mapped onto the V. vinifera genome for differential expression analysis, which yielded 4800 modulated genes. Transcriptomic data clearly showed that the treatment triggered the plant’s innate immune system with genes involved in salicylic, jasmonic acid and ethylene synthesis and signaling, activating Pathogenesis-Related-proteins as wel...

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“…A wide diversity of equipment is explored: subsurface, drip, sprinkler, gravity, high-pressure system. Concerning the timing factor, tools for measuring the water status of grapevines are being developed to determine the frequency of irrigation through direct measurement of plant and fruit parameters (Scholasch and Rienth, 2019 ).…”

Section: Adapting Viticulture To Future Water Scarcitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change in Grapevine Production–A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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In many areas of the world, maintaining grapevine production will require adaptation to climate change. While rigorous evaluations of adaptation strategies provide decision makers with valuable insights, those that are published often overlook major constraints, ignore local adaptive capacity, and suffer from a compartmentalization of disciplines and scales. The objective of our study was to identify current knowledge of evaluation methods and their limitations, reported in the literature. We reviewed 111 papers that evaluate adaptation strategies in the main vineyards worldwide. Evaluation approaches are analyzed through key features (e.g., climate data sources, methodology, evaluation criteria) to discuss their ability to address climate change issues, and to identify promising outcomes for climate change adaptations. We highlight the fact that combining adaptation levers in the short and long term (location, vine training, irrigation, soil, and canopy management, etc.) enables local compromises to be reached between future water availability and grapevine productivity. The main findings of the paper are three-fold: (1) the evaluation of a combination of adaptation strategies provides better solutions for adapting to climate change; (2) multi-scale studies allow local constraints and opportunities to be considered; and (3) only a small number of studies have developed multi-scale and multi-lever approaches to quantify feasibility and effectiveness of adaptation. In addition, we found that climate data sources were not systematically clearly presented, and that climate uncertainty was hardly accounted for. Moreover, only a small number of studies have assessed the economic impacts of adaptation, especially at farm scale. We conclude that the development of methodologies to evaluate adaptation strategies, considering both complementary adaptations and scales, is essential if relevant information is to be provided to the decision-makers of the wine industry.

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Review of water deficit mediated changes in vine and berry physiology; Consequences for the optimization of irrigation strategies

Cited by 35 publications

References 149 publications

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

Oregano essential oil vapour prevents Plasmopara viticola infection in grapevine (Vitis Vinifera) and primes plant immunity mechanisms

Evaluating Strategies for Adaptation to Climate Change in Grapevine Production–A Systematic Review

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